We examined the influence of a forested landscape on the quality of water in a stream originating on an urban landscape and flowing through National Forest lands. Sample sites included an urban stream (URB), a site on the same stream but within a National Forest (FOR) and 2 km downstream from the URB site, and a small, undisturbed, forested reference tributary of the main stream (REF). We monit...

1. Two of the most common consequences resulting from land use and climate change are increased fine sediment loads and shifts in hydrological regimes in freshwater ecosystems. 2. Although a growing number of studies indicate that these stressors are likely to directly affect community composition and organism physiology, little is known about how biological structures produced by aquatic organ...

Anaerobic digestion is a naturally occurring biological process in which large numbers of anaerobic bacteria convert organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide (a mixture called biogas) in the absence of air. It is a widely used biological process for treating wastewater solids. This process stabilizes the organic matter in wastewater solids, reduces pathogens and odors, and reduces the tot...

Anaerobic digestion is a naturally occurring biological process in which large numbers of anaerobic bacteria convert organic matter into methane and carbon dioxide (a mixture called biogas) in the absence of air. It is a widely used biological process for treating wastewater solids. This process stabilizes the organic matter in wastewater solids, reduces pathogens and odors, and reduces the tot...

The range of operations on solids supported by current geometric modelling systems is very limited. Typically, solids represented in a modeller can be transformed by rigid motions and combined by Boolean operations. This paper introduces another family of transformations, called solid offsetting, which map solids into solids. Offset solids are expanded or contracted versions of an original obje...

Crystalline solids undergo plastic deformation and subsequently flow when subjected to stresses beyond their elastic limit. In nature most crystalline solids exist in polycrystalline form. Simulating plastic flows in polycrystalline solids has wide ranging applications, from material processing to understanding intermittency of earthquake dynamics. Using phase field crystal (PFC) model we show ...

A technologically and economically feasible process called bioleaching was used for the removal of heavy metals from livestock sludge with indigenous sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in this study. The effects of sludge solids concentration on the bioleaching process were examined in a batch bioreactor. Due to the buffering capacity of sludge solids, the rates of pH reduction, ORP rise and metal solub...

In order to fully understand what a given boiler needs for treatment, a basic study of its supply water must be done first. Three types of impurities exist in all supplies and can cause a wide range of problems in boilers and kilns. These impurities are suspended solids, dissolved solids, and dissolved gasses. Water picks up the impurities from the ground it contacts and the air through which i...

We investigated the high-P,T annealing and mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials with a highly nitrided bulk composition close to Ti₃N₄. Amorphous solids were precipitated from solution by ammonolysis of metal dialkylamide precursors followed by heating at 400-700 °C in flowing NH₃ to produce reddish-brown amorphous/nanocrystalline materials. The precursors were then densified at 2 G...

We extend our earlier shear-transformation-zone theory of amorphous plasticity to include the effects of thermally assisted molecular rearrangements. This version of our theory is a substantial revision and generalization of conventional theories of flow in noncrystalline solids. As in our earlier work, it predicts a dynamic transition between jammed and flowing states at a yield stress. Below ...