TOPIC: Critical Care TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case Reports INTRODUCTION: First reported in 1973, euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) historically accounted for 0.8-1.1% of (DKA) cases [1]. Without hyperglycemia, the anion gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA) euDKA may be attributed to other causes. We present a case that was mistaken toxic alcohol poisoning. CASE PRESENTATION: A 53-year-old...

TOPIC: Critical Care TYPE: Fellow Case Reports INTRODUCTION: Cholinergic toxicity can result from ingestion of generic pesticides, which contain organophosphates or carbamates. These compounds act by inhibiting red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (RBC AChE), resulting in an overabundance acetylcholine at the neural synapse and neuromuscular junction. Early suspicion for this toxidrome is essent...

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) plays an important role in aroma volatile compounds synthesis of plants. In this paper, we tried to explore the relationship between CmADHs and the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in oriental melon. Three different aroma types of melon were used as materials. The principle component analysis of three types of melon fruit was conducted. We also measured the CmADHs e...

Acute alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by infiltration of the liver parenchyma with polymorphonuclear leukocytes. As a possible explanation for this phenomenon, we have found that ethanol stimulates cultured rat hepatocytes to generate potent chemotactic activity. Hepatocytes (greater than 99% pure), isolated from the livers of Sprague-Dawley rats, responded to incubation with ethanol (2.0-...

I enjoyed reading the manuscript titled “Hooch blindness: a community study report on a few indoor patients of toxic optic neuropathy following consumption of adulterated alcohol in West Bengal” that has been published in your journal (Samanta et al, 2012). The authors reported ten cases of blindness due to methanol intoxication in West Bengal, India. After presentation of their patients’ histo...

To investigate the effects of sex hormones on ethanol (EtOH)-induced bone loss, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed control or EtOH-containing diets (12 g/kg/day) by intragastric infusion. After 3 weeks, rats receiving EtOH had significant decreases in tibial trabecular and total bone mineral density, induction of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) mRNA expression, and e...

As the number of patients waiting to receive transplants increases, there is a need to explore all possible donation opportunities. In this case report, we describe the transplantation of a liver from a donor who died after ethylene glycol poisoning into a woman with alcoholic liver disease with cirrhosis and associated ascites. Donor management, including ethanol, fomepizol and haemodialysis, ...

Phytochemicals have been known to exhibit potent antioxidant activity. This study examined cytoprotective effects of phytochemicals including quercetin, catechin, caffeic acid, and phytic acid against oxidative damage in SK-Hep-1 cells induced by the oxidative and non-oxidative metabolism of ethanol. Exposure of the cells to excess ethanol resulted in a significant increase in cytotoxicity, rea...

We proposed previously that closure of voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) in the mitochondrial outer membrane after ethanol exposure leads to suppression of mitochondrial metabolite exchange. Because ureagenesis requires extensive mitochondrial metabolite exchange, we characterized the effect of ethanol and its metabolite, acetaldehyde (AcAld), on total and ureagenic respiration in culture...

3-Butene-1,2-diol (BDD), a metabolite of 1,3-butadiene, is rapidly metabolized by B6C3F1 mice at doses ranging from 10 to 250 mg/kg. Calculation of plasma clearance suggested that the kinetics of BDD metabolism were dose-dependent. Clearance varied 5-fold in this dose range. Urinary excretion of BDD was also dose-dependent but did not exceed 5% of the administered dose. A small fraction of the ...