A GA based optimal generation scheduling strategy is developed to solve the profit maximization problem for GENCO in the day ahead market. It is a multi objective formulation that includes the forecasted demand, forecasted market clearing price, startup cost and profit functions, besides the generating limits and demand constraints. The proposed GA approach is investigated on three unit and ten...

This paper presents a study of the operations and accounting practices within the Fijian Development Bank. These practices cannot be understood outside the complex tensions and contradictions in Fijian society. Such tensions and antagonisms are a legacy of what has been called in other places 'post-colonial stress syndrome'. The Bank is faced with the (impossible) task of reconciling a history ...

One of the main shortcomings of the profit persistence literature is the fact that it looks only at surviving companies. This paper uses a unique dataset to analyze profit persistence in two different stationary series: 85 surviving US companies from 1950-1999 and 72 exiters. While the exiters perform more competitive than the survivors there is still significant evidence for profit persistence...

Central counterparties (CCPs) have increasingly become a cornerstone of financial markets infrastructure. We present a model where CCPs are necessary to implement efficient trade when trades are time-critical, liquidity is limited and there is limited enforcement of trades. We then show that – when collateral is sufficient to avoid default – profit-maximizing CCPs “overcollateralize” trades rel...

This paper examines hospital responses to changes in diagnosis-specific prices by exploiting a 1988 policy reform that generated large price changes for 43 percent of Medicare admissions. I find hospitals responded primarily by "upcoding" patients to diagnosis codes with the largest price increases. This response was particularly strong among for-profit hospitals. I find little evidence hospita...

Unlike accounting earnings, economic profit (EVA) is a measure of a company's true earnings because it fully "accounts" for the costs of all forms of financing, including debt and equity. In the EVA view, a company is not truly profitable unless it earns a return on capital that bests the opportunity cost of capital. That being said, the question addressed here is how to measure the economic pr...

This article by attorney mandarino explores the implications of a 1997 change in the Internal Revenue Code affecting tax-exempt hospitals which run or operate for-profit businesses. The piece explores the application of prior law to hospital ownership of for-profit ventures and continues on to review the implications of the 1997 amendment, particularly on existing structures. The article conclu...

The world and its economy is going through countless and significant changes. Intangible assets are one of these changes due to the economy and the society have a higher demand for information than before. Nevertheless, tangible assets are still important assets within the economy since no economy will function without tangible assets. Intangible assets and tangible assets can contribute to tha...

BACKGROUND Palliative care is expanding rapidly in the United States. OBJECTIVE To examine variation in access to hospital palliative care. METHODS Data were obtained from the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Surveys™ for Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013, the National Palliative Care Registry™, the Dartmouth Atlas of Healthcare, the American Census Bureau's American Community Survey (AC...

Introduction. Despite the implementation of hospital autonomy in many developed (France, Denmark) and developing countries(Ghana, Zimbabwe, Kenya and Indonesia) since the early 1980s , relatively little research has been directed towards evaluating the experiences of these hospitals .Efficiency, equity, accountability and quality of care can be considered as four main evaluative criteria in ass...