The Edward Kremers Award for 1968 will be awarded to Dr. Martin Levey. This award was established by the American Institute of the History of Pharmacy to recognize distinguished writing in pharmaceutical history by an American scholar. It was established in honour of the late Edward Kremers, a distinguished figure in American Pharmaceutical Education who encouraged the study of pharmaceutical h...

Controversy continues regarding the optimal composition of glucose electrolyte oral rehydration solutions for the treatment of acute diarrhoea. Four perfusion models (normal human jejunum, normal rat small intestine, cholera toxin treated secreting rat small intestine and rotavirus infected rat small intestine) have been developed and used to compare the efficacy of a hypotonic oral rehydration...

Introduction P&T committees will have an important role in influencing the extent to which biosimilars are utilized by the health care system.1 The priority for P&T committees, when reviewing biosimilars, will be to evaluate the efficacy and safety, interchangeability, cost-effectiveness, pharmacovigilance requirements, reimbursement issues, and other factors regarding these agents.2 Institutio...

BACKGROUND Personalized medicine is gradually emerging as a transformative field. Thus far, seven co-developed drug-diagnostic combinations have been approved and several dozen post-hoc drug-diagnostic combinations (diagnostic approved after the drug). However, barriers remain, particularly with respect to reimbursement. Purpose, methods: This study analyzes barriers facing uptake of drug-diagn...

: Hospitalized patients require the use of a variety of drugs, many of which individually or in combination have the potential to cause kidney damage. The use of potentially nephrotoxic drugs is often unavoidable, and the need for dose adjustment should be evaluated. This study is aimed at assessing concordance in information on drug-induced nephrotoxicity and dose adjustment recommendations by...

Consensus guidelines on the emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions were published in 1999 in the Journal of Accident and Emergency Medicine, and in Resuscitation. These guidelines were intended for first medical responders, and more specifically those without expert knowledge or specialist interest. In general they have been well received. After the publications, we received a large numb...

From the year 2000, the national drug expenditure has seen an increase from RM346 million ($91 million) to RM915 million ($241 million) in 2005. From the year 2004 to 2005, an increase of 13.3% was recorded [1]. Factors that may contribute to this increase include increase in drug prices, a growing and aging population, higher expectation of the public regarding equality in assessing therapy, l...

We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to assess whether hospital formulary restrictions involving limiting dosage strengths of levothyroxine affect physicians' ability to manage patients effectively and provide pharmacy cost savings in a tertiary care federal government research hospital. Thirty-three endocrinologists were randomly assigned to prescribe levothyroxine from a r...

The care of patients in hospitals and other health-care facilities is often dependent on the effective use of drugs. The multiplicity of drugs available makes it mandatory that a sound program of drug usage be developed within the institution to ensure that patients receive the best possible care. In the interest of better patient care, the institution should have a program of objective evaluat...

It is the position of the American Association of Diabetes Educators that diabetes educators should be included as expert consultants for formulary decisions regarding diabetes medications and medical devices.