The compartmentation of substantial amounts of transketolase and transaldolase in the plastid is in keeping with the view that all the enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway are at least partially located in this organelle. In addition this provides further support for the view that a major function of the pentose phosphate pathway in nonphotosynthetic cells is to provide NADPH for nitrite as...

Observing single electron pulses provides insight into the mechanism that leads to sudden high current jumps (breakdown) in aged wire chambers. This single electron activity is found to be consistent with the Fowler-Nordheim equation for field emission of electrons from a cathode surface in a high electric field. The high electric field arises from the positive ion buildup on a very thin insula...

We derive general equations for non-linearity corrections and statistical uncertainty (variance) estimates for data acquired with near-infrared detectors employing correlated double sampling, multiple correlated double sampling (Fowler sampling) and uniformly-spaced continuous readout techniques. We compare our equation for the variance on each pixel associated with Fowler sampling with measure...