This article presented the results of research on elements and functions direct sentences indirect in written news discourse Indonesian. The theory used is element speech paragraph. data paragraphs containing indonesian discourse. In this study, observation methods were for collection, method immediate constituents referential identity analysis, informal presenting analysis. Indonesian discours...

Abstract All colonial powers granted concessions to private companies extract natural resources during the era. In Africa, these were characterized by indirect rule and violence. We use arbitrarily defined borders of rubber in north Congo Free State examine causal effects this form economic organization on development. find that historical exposure causes significantly worse education, wealth, ...

this study was an attempt to shed light on the use of requestive speech act by iranian nonnative speakers (nnss) of english and canadian native speakers (nss) of english to find out the (possible) similarities and/or differences between the request realizations, and to investigate the influence of the situational variables of power, distance, context familiarity, and l1’s (possible) influence. ...

background: cross-contamination between cells is a usual mistake at cell culture laboratories and cell banks worldwide. mrc5 diploid cell and rk-13, vero and hela continuous cell lines are used in different stages of human viral vaccines propagation at razi vaccine and serum research institute of iran. however diploid and continuous cells are propagated at separated cell culture laboratory and ...

this study investigated the utilization of intertextuality in the fourth edition of the interchange book series for english as foreign language (efl) learners using fairclough’s (1992) framework. ten texts were randomly chosen among the reading passages of the interchange book series and later analyzed regarding intertextuality kinds and methods of reporting. findings indicated that two types o...