In this paper, we investigate a mobile relaying system assisted by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with finite size of the buffer. Under buffer limit and delay constraints at UAV relay, consider dual-hop mixed free-space optical/radio frequency (FSO/RF) (i.e., source-to-relay relay-to-destination links employ FSO RF links, respectively). Taking imbalance in transmission rate between into consi...

Flaxseed (FS) has been shown to attenuate mammary tumorigenesis, possibly due to its high α-linolenic acid (ALA)-rich oil (FSO) content. This study determined the effect of FSO on the growth of estrogen receptor-positive human breast tumors (MCF-7) in ovariectomized athymic mice at high premenopausal-like estrogen (E2) levels. Mice with established MCF-7 tumors were fed basal diet (control) or ...

In this paper, we investigate the uplink transmission in a satellite-aerial-terrestrial network (SATN), where an aerial platform acts as amplify-and-forward relay assisting communication between multiple users and satellite. The send messages to via radio frequency (RF) links, which are then forwarded satellite through free-space optical (FSO) link. By assuming that angle-of-arrival based imper...

Free space optical (FSO) communication has been receiving growing attention with recent commercialization successes as a cost-effective and high bandwidth optical access technique. Meanwhile, FSO communication has been regard as an attractive solution to bridging the gap between the wireless communications and optical fiber communications. However, a significant performance degradation in FSO c...

This work investigates spatial-mode multiplexing (SMM) for practical free-space optical communication (FSO) systems using direct detection. Unlike several works in the literature where mutually incoherent channels are assumed, we consider mutually coherent channels that accurately describe SMM FSO systems employing a single laser source at the transmitter with a narrow linewidth. We develop an ...

Optical wireless, also known as free space optics (FSO) is a high bandwidth communication technology that enables information transmission through atmosphere using modulated light beams. FSO communication technology has attractive characteristics like dense spatial reuse due to light beam directionality, low power usage per bit, and license-free band of operation. FSO networks face two major ch...

<span>The continuous development of internet things (IoT) technology enables many devices to be interconnected through the external environment. Meanwhile, 5G provides an enhanced quality services with high data transmission rates, requiring IoT implementation in architecture. Free-space optical communication (FSO) is considered a promising technique that can provide high-speed links, so ...

This review paper discusses the complete evolution of free-space optical (FSO) communication, also known as unguided communication (UOC) technologies, all way back to ancient man’s fire today’s machine-learning-supported UOC systems. The principles, significance, and developments that have happened over past several decades, well installation methodologies, technological limitations, challenges...

In this paper, we study a mixed cooperative communication system consisting of power line (PLC) and free-space optical (FSO) links, where the PLC link suffers from log-normal fading is affected by both impulsive background noises. Meanwhile, FSO undergoes Gamma-Gamma with atmospheric turbulence pointing errors. More specifically, present closed-form expressions for probability density function ...

In recent years, a growing interest has been witnessed in the usage of free space optics (FSO) link for satellite communication (SATCOM) scenarios, as it offers much higher data rates up to gigabits per second (Gbps) compared existing radio frequency (RF) link. However, FSO links are sensitive beam scintillation and pointing errors. this paper, we consider hybrid FSO/RF between ground station (...