The theory of combinatorial species, although invented as a purely mathematical formalism to unify much of combinatorics, can also serve as a powerful and expressive language for talking about algebraic data types. With potential applications to automatic test generation, generic programming, and language design, the theory deserves to be much better known in the functional programming communit...

In this paper evidence is presented that supports the hypothesis that amino acid usage bias is a fundamental property of viral genome types. Clues to the biological basis for the observed differences in viral amino acid usage are examined. Capsid proteins are analyzed to evaluate the hypothesis that replication mechanism is exclusively responsible for observed amino acid usage profile bias. DSS...

We present an interdisciplinary effort in the field of global environmental change, related to the understanding of the concept of “vulnerability”. We have used functional programming to capture the generic aspects of the myriad of definitions of vulnerability, and have used the resulting formalisation to learn something new about vulnerability and to write some better software for vulnerabilit...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To seek a correlation between the four types of transoral supraglottic laryngectomies (TSLs) according to the European Laryngological Society (ELS) and postoperative morbidity. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series at an academic institution. METHODS Chart review was done for 96 patients affected by T1-T3 supraglottic cancers (28 pT1, 46 pT2, 22 pT3) treated by TSL (2...

Introduction Conclusions References

We propose a method to extract purely functional contents from logical inductive types in the context of the Calculus of Inductive Constructions. This method is based on a mode consistency analysis, which veri es if a computation is possible w.r.t. the selected inputs/outputs, and the code generation itself. We prove that this extraction is sound w.r.t. the Calculus of Inductive Constructions. ...

In our attempts to understand cellular function at the molecular level, we must be able to synthesize information from disparate types of genomic data. We consider the problem of inferring gene functional classifications from a heterogeneous data set consisting of DNA microarray expression measurements and phylogenetic profiles from whole-genome sequence comparisons. We demonstrate the applicat...

Interest in phytoplankton diversity has increased in recent years due to its possible role in regulating climate by production and consumption of greenhouse gases. For example, gases can diffuse across the air-sea interface, many of which are synthesized and emitted by certain phytoplankton species or groups. It has been suggested that these variations play an important role in moderating our c...

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Seedling morphology of 210 species (173 trees and 37 lianas) was studied from a community perspective to identify major patterns of seedling functional types in a Mexican rain forest. Five types of seedlings were distinguished: cryptocotylar with reserve storage or absorption cotyledons (epigeal [CER] and hypogeal [CHR]), phanerocotylar epigeal, either with photosynthetic cotyledons (PEF) or wi...