We find closed form formulas for the Kemeny’s constant and Kirchhoff index cluster G1{G2} of two highly symmetric graphs G1, G2, in terms parameters original graphs. also discuss some necessary conditions a graph to be symmetric.

Antigen Retrieval Overview  Overview of Heat-induced Epitope Retrieval Techniques and Devices Room Temperature Epitope Retrieval (RTER)  Hydrochloric Acid Method (pH 1)  Formic Acid Method (pH 2) Heat Induced Epitope Retrieval (HIER)  Citrate Buffer Method (pH 6)  Citrate-EDTA Buffer Method (pH 6.2)  EDTA Method (pH 8)  Tris-EDTA Method (pH 9)  TBS Method (pH 9)  Tris Buffer Method (pH...

The naïve antibody/B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires of different individuals ought to exhibit significant functional commonality, given that most pathogens trigger an effective antibody response immunodominant epitopes. Sequence-based repertoire analysis has so far offered little evidence for this phenomenon. For example, a recent study estimated the number shared (‘public’) clonotypes in circ...

For two high-quality piecewise polynomial geometrically smooth (G) surface constructions, explicit G functions are derived that form the basis of a functions space on the G surfaces. The spaces are refinable and nested, i.e. the functions can be rerepresented at a finer level. By choosing all basis functions to be first order smooth a maximal set of degrees of freedom is obtained that have smal...

CD8+ T cells are thought to play an important role in protective immunity to tuberculosis. The major histocompatibility complex class I subtype HLA-A*0201 is one of the most prevalent class I alleles, with a frequency of over 30% in most populations. HLA-A*0201 transgenic, H-2Db/mouse beta2-microglobulin double-knockout mice (HHD) which express human HLA-A*0201 but no mouse class I, was shown t...

We previously reported that the immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody (MAb) B6.1 protects mice against disseminated candidiasis, whereas the IgM MAb B6 does not. Both MAbs are specific for an adhesin fraction isolated from the cell surface of Candida albicans, but their epitope specificities differ. In the present study, we examined the surface locations of both epitopes and obtained struc...

The hantavirus G1 protein contains a long C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of 142 residues. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome-associated hantaviruses contain conserved tyrosine residues near the C terminus of G1 which form an immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) and interact with Src and Syk family kinases. During studies of the G1 ITAM we observed that fusion proteins containing the G1 cytop...

The magnitude of a virus-specific memory CTL population can dramatically influence the outcome of secondary infections, yet little is known about the determinants of memory size. We investigated the impact of epitope levels on CTL memory generation by using a recombinant vaccinia virus system that allows for a broad range of epitope expression with the same infectious dose of virus. The size of...

B-cell epitope is a group of residues which is on the surface of an antigen. It invokes humoral responses. Locating B-cell epitope is important for effective vaccine design, and the development of diagnostic reagents. Mimotope-based B-cell epitope prediction method is a kind of conformational B-cell epitope prediction, and the core idea of the method is mapping the mimotope sequences which are ...