Concerns about energy security and climate change have sparked legislators’ interest in reducing gasoline consumption by increasing corporate average fuel-economy (CAFE) standards. Using an empirically rich simulation model and cost estimates for anticipated fuel-economy technologies, we estimate annual costs of reducing long-run gasoline consumption by 10% via a 3.8 miles per gallon increase i...

A National Fuels Surveillance Network has been established to collect gasoline and other fuels through the 10 regional offices of the Environmental Protection Agency. Physical, chemical, and trace element analytical determinations are made on the collected fuel samples to detect components which may present an air pollution hazard or poison exhaust catalytic control devices. A summary of trace ...

The influences of gasoline on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from gasoline engine are investigated. These fuels included C92-Leadfree Gasoline (C92-LFG), C95-Leadfree Gasoline (C95-LFG), C98-Leadfree Gasoline (C98-LFG), these are Reforming Gasoline, T92-Leadfree Gasoline (T92-LFG), T95-Leadfree Gasoline (T95-LFG), T98-Leadfree Gasoline (T98-LFG), these are total-PAHs co...

The aim of this research is to study the influence of using ethanol-gasoline fuel blends on spark ignition engine performance characteristics and compare the obtained results with those using base gasoline. An electric generator operated by a SI (spark ignition, four stroke, single cylinder, air cooled) engine was used for conducting this study. The tested fuels were gasoline (E0) and gasoline-...

The 1990 Clean Air Act mandated oxygenation of gasoline in regions where carbon monoxide standards were not met. To achieve this standard, methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) was increased to 15% by volume during winter months in many locations. Subsequent to the increase of MTBE in gasoline, commuters reported increases in symptoms such as headache, nausea, and eye, nose, and throat irritation....

In this paper, we consider stock rationing problem of a single-item make-to-stock production/inventory system with multiple demand classes. Demand arrives as a Poisson process with a randomly distributed batch size. It is assumed that the batch demand can be partially satisfied. The facility can produce a batch up to a certain capacity at the same time. Production time follows an exponential di...

Decisions about allocation of limited healthcare resources are frequently controversial. These decisions are usually based on careful analysis of medical, scientific and health economic evidence. Yet, decisions are also necessarily based on value judgements. There may be differing views among health professionals about how to allocate resources or how to evaluate existing evidence. In specific ...