background and objective: determination of hormone receptor status in the management of breast cancer is well-established. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of androgen receptor (ar) expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. materials and methods: for this purpose, 55 cases of invasive ductal breast carcinoma were examined using a monoclonal antibody against ar on for...

in patients with malignancy, the common etiologies of granuloma formation are tumor related sarcoid reaction, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and other granulomatous diseases. often, the finding of granulomas in malignant patients may obscure the primary malignancy or may mislead towards treatment of infectious and other etiologies. hence, their proper recognition and necessary follow up is needed to...

background & objective:the present study was undertaken to ascertain the incidence of early, advanced cancer cervix and its recurrence and role of chemotherapy in locally advanced cancer cervix. material and methods: the present study was conducted in the departments of obstetrics & gynaecology, pathology and radiotherapy and the specimens examined in the department of pathology of jaw...

human papillomavirus (hpv) is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted diseases worldwide and is the etiological agent of cervical and other anogenital malignancies. since hpvs have been shown to possess oncogenic potential, an association between hpv infection and prostatic cancer (pca) has been suggested. there are conflicting reports on the impact of hpv infection on the develop...

background colorectal cancer (crc) is one of the most common cancers worldwide which is not extensively researched in iran. objectives the present study aims to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of crc in patients referred to selected hospitals of tehran university of medical sciences. patients and methods in this descriptive-analytic study 218 patients with colorectal cancer were i...

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background: albinos in africa are at constant risk of developing skin cancer due to the damage caused by ultra-violet exposure. this study identifies the common skin conditions among albinos in kenya as a country located along the equator.    methods: in this descriptive study on albino patients who were admitted to mbagathi district hospital in nairobi, kenya the census method was used for sam...