GB virus C (GBV-C), a positive-strand RNA virus, currently infects approximately one-sixth of the world's population. This virus exists as a collection of genotypes whose global distribution correlates with geographical origin. Genotyping of GBV-C isolates by phylogenetic analysis has relied upon the use of 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) sequences, however, complete genome sequences are used t...

Recently, putative viral agents responsible for human non-A to E hepatitis have been independently reported by two groups of investigators and designated GB virus C (GBV-C) and hepatitis G virus (HGV), respectively. The entire nucleotide sequences were determined for two viral genomes isolated from Japanese blood donors with GBV-C RNA. One of them (GT230) had a total genomic length of 9390 nucl...

Laws and legislation significantly influence actions in societies to control rates of gender-based violence (GBV). Most domestic laws are developed from international declarations conventions. This paper reviews declarations, policies, enacted at levels ratified national mitigate GBV a neutral perspective. countries ratify conventions levels. However, the majority these directed towards women a...

Background Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant problem in conflict-affected settings. Understanding local constructions of such violence is crucial to developing preventive and responsive interventions to address this issue. Methods This study reports on a secondary analysis of archived data collected as part of formative qualitative work - using a group participatory ranking methodo...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of GB virus-C (GBV-C) RNA and TT virus (TTV) DNA in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and osteoarthritis (OA) as well as to compare the autoantibody pattern in patients with SSc with and without evidence of viral infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 168 patients (84 SSc, 41 RA, and 43 OA) diagnosed according ...

GBV-C or hepatitis G virus (HGV) was discovered by two independent groups of investigators when studying cases of hepatitis non-A, non-B, and non-E.1,2 HGV is transmitted through blood transfusion and components.3,4 Up to now, there is no report about detection of GBV-C/HGV RNA by nucleic acid test and serological markers in Chinese voluntary blood donors. Considering the safety of blood transf...

This review attempts to shed light on the socio-cultural roots of gender-based violence (GBV) and its impact on women's health with a special reference to reproductive health in the context of South Asia. It also identifies the policy and capacity gaps that impede the implementation of gender-related development goals and makes recommendations in light of the ongoing situation. Led by the growi...

The newly discovered human flavivirus identified as GB virus-C [1] and hepatitis G virus (HGV) [2], presents intriguing challenges in virology, epidemiology, and blood banking. Its clinical relevance for hepatology, however, appears to have been short-lived. Murthy and colleagues in this issue of Kidney International [3] provide additional evidence that the virus is not associated with clinical...

Gender-based violence (GBV) is global issue, requiring specialized knowledge, attitudes, and skills. The most effective responses are interdisciplinary, involving social work, healthcare, the justice system. While GBV was exacerbated during pandemic, many students faced a reduced availability of practice opportunities to learn how respond GBV. authors describe teaching learning project which ex...

conclusions this study found that gbv-c infection has a high frequency among injecting drug users with hiv/hcv coinfection and hcv mono-infection in yunnan, china. in patients with chronic hepatitis c and hiv coinfection, gbv-c rna was associated with significantly lower alt and ast levels, suggesting a beneficial effect of gbv-c infection on chronic hepatitis c. results gbv-c rna was identifie...