OCTOBER 2003 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | G reat effort is continually being made to improve the parameterization of clouds in global circulation models (GCMs), and as a result the physical realism of cloud parameterizations has been improved considerably. Almost all GCMs now use a prognostic equation to represent the evolution of cloud condensate (e.g., Sundqvist 1978; del Genio et al. 19...

‘Giant Green’ is one of the Syzygium samarangense cultivars planted throughout Malaysia because it has great potential for benefitting human health. However, its variation in chemical compounds, especially leaves at different maturity stages, cannot be systematically discriminated. Hence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) coupled with...

Thin films of the short single DNA strand, GCAT, in which one of the bases has been removed were bombarded with 3 to 15 eV electrons. The yield functions of the H(-), O(-) and OH(-) ions desorbed from these films exhibit a broad peak near 9 eV, which is attributed to dissociative electron attachment to the basic molecules. Whereas removal of any one of the bases considerably decreases N-glycosi...

the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of ten gcms and three emission scenarios to reproduce the rainfall and temperature parameters in kermanshah, ravansar and west islamabad stations located inside qaresou basin in iran using the average weighting method, over 1989-2008 period. at first, the models output and the scenarios were provided for this period. then, the models valid...

Abstract. The occurrence of climate warming is unequivocal, and is expected to be experienced through increases in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events, including flooding. This paper presents an analysis of the implications of climate change on the future flood hazard in the Beijiang River basin in South China, using a variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model. Uncertainty is conside...

Regional and local climate extremes, and their impacts, result from the multifaceted interplay between large-scale climate forcing, local environmental factors (physiography), and societal vulnerability. In this paper, we review historical and projected changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in the United States, with a focus on strengths and weaknesses of (1) commonly used definitio...