CONTEXT The role of magnesium (Mg) as a determinant of bone mass has not been extensively explored. Limited studies suggest that dietary Mg intake and bone mineral density are correlated in adults, but no data from interventional studies in children and adolescents are available. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether Mg supplementation in periadolescent girls enhances accrual of bone mass....

Background: Exercise can reduce osteoporotic fracture risk by strengthening bone or reducing fall risk. Falls prevention exercise programmes can reduce fall incidence, and also include strengthening exercises suggested to load bone, but there is little information as to whether these programmes influence bone mineral density (BMD) and strength. Objective: To evaluate the skeletal effects of hom...

Background: Given the high relapse rate of disease in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome and the osteoporotic effect of long periods of steroid therapy, this survey was performed to find the bone mineral status of these patients. Methods: Bone mineral density and content (BMD and BMC) were measured using Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 37 nephrotic children, six girls and 31...

OBJECTIVES To study changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with Paget's disease of bone treated with risedronate. METHODS Whole body dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were carried out on 20 patients with Paget's disease treated with oral risedronate. DXA scanning was carried out at baseline and 11 months. Whole body bone mineral content (BMC) was measured. In addition, r...

BACKGROUND A recent meta-analysis raised doubt as to whether calcium supplementation in children benefits spine and hip bone mineral density (BMD). OBJECTIVE We used state-of-the-art measures of bone (fan-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and 4 bone turnover markers) to determine whether girls with low habitual calcium intake benefited from supplementation with a soluble form of calcium (...

The exercising woman with nutritional deficits and related menstrual irregularities is at risk of compromising long-term bone health, i.e., the female athlete triad. There is no animal model of the female athlete triad. The purpose of this study was to examine long-term energy restriction in voluntary wheel-running female rats on estrous cycling, bone mineral content, and leptin levels. Twelve ...

CONTEXT The extent to which 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and IGF-I influence bone mineral content (BMC) accrual from early to mid-puberty is unclear. OBJECTIVE, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study sought to determine relationships among 25(OH)D, IGF-I, and BMC in community-dwelling prepubertal females (n = 76; aged 4-8 yr at baseline) over a period of up to 9 yr. DESIGN The hypothesis that...

CONTEXT The hormonal factors involved in the regulation of peak bone mass (PBM) in men have not been fully investigated. Apart from gonadal steroids and somatotropic hormones, thyroid hormones are known to affect bone maturation and homeostasis and are additional candidate determinants of adult bone mass. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate between-subject physiological variation in free and to...

BACKGROUND Studies indicate genetic and lifestyle factors can contribute to optimal bone development. In particular, the intensity level of physical activity may have an impact on bone health. This study aims to assess the relationship between physical activity at different intensities and Bone Mineral Content (BMC), Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Bone Area (BA) accretion. METHODS This longit...

BACKGROUND Fetal bone effects of maternal tenofovir use have not been well studied. We sought to compare whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) of newborns exposed vs not exposed to tenofovir in utero. METHODS We enrolled participants from April 2011 to June 2013 at 14 US clinical sites. Singleton infants of women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who took tenofovir in late pre...