Nowadays, poverty has become a multi-dimensional problem, including social factors, rather than just an economic problem. Especially recently, been addressed in terms of gender focused on women and men. Gender-oriented approach to the problem gradually increasing. In gender-based approach, inequalities between men are it is emphasized that poorer According this increasingly feminized, part grea...

Gender disparities in wages and attainment caused by employer discrimination can come about by three very different processes: (1) allocative discrimination, in terms of who gets allocated to which jobs, at the point of hire, in subsequent promotion, and dismissal, (2) within-job wage discrimination, the unequal pay for the same work for the same employer, and (3) valuative discrimination, the ...

Studies of the wage effects of unions in South Africa have been largely concerned with the impact of union membership on the wages of African and White male workers. Consistent with findings in the international literature, these studies have concluded that unions compress the distribution of wages in South Africa, and, more specifically, that racial inequality is lower in the union sector comp...

This paper analyzes the gender wage disparities among rural-urban migrants in urban China using a nationally representative data set. On average, female migrants earn only 66% of their male counterparts’ average hourly wage. And the gender wage gap is not uniform across migrants’ wage distribution with differentials much higher at the top end than at the bottom and the middle. The mean decompos...

Despite the rise of dual-income households in the United States and a narrowing of the nation’s gender wage gap, we find that many men and women still prefer the husband to be the primary breadwinner. To help explain intra-marital wage preferences, we argue for a new construct, gender determinism, which captures the extent to which a person believes gender categories dictate individual characte...

In recent decades, the US wage structure has been transformed by a rising college premium, a narrowing gender gap, and increasing persistent and transitory residual wage dispersion. This paper explores the implications of these changes for cross-sectional inequality in hours worked, earnings and consumption, and for welfare. The framework for the analysis is an incomplete-markets overlapping-ge...

This pooled, cross-sectional, time-series study assesses the impact of health system variables on the relationship between wage inequality and infant mortality in 19 OECD countries over the period 1970-1996. Data are derived from the OECD, World Value Surveys, Luxembourg Income Study, and political economy databases. Analyses include Pearson correlation and fixed-effects multivariate regression...

This paper provides some empirical evidence and a theory of the relationship between residual wage inequality and the increasing dispersion of capital/labor ratios across ...rms. I document the increasing variance of capital/labor ratios across ...rms in the US labor market using Compustat data. I also show that the increase in the variance of capital/labor ratios across ...rms is related to th...