An American geographer specializing in southeast Europe and the Middle East examines Turkey’s prospects for membership in the European Union, a process that recently received a positive recommendation by the European Commission. Of particular importance in the debate over Turkish accession are claims that cultural differences divide Europe and Turkey, and overshadow both their shared history an...

the caspian basin in its old geopolitical situation under the soviet :union: was located in the buffer zone between two spheres of influence of the two superpowers. after the fall of the soviet :union: followed by the rise of new structures and three new states in the region, new relations, however, prevailed among the areas of geography, power and politics in the region. these new relations in...

This study focused on decentralization and democratic local government in Cross River State, Nigeria. Sample size of 900 was adopted for the purpose of the study. Stratified random sampling was used in the study. Stratification was done on the basis of geopolitical zone, political party affiliation and educational status of the respondents. 900 political party members evenly distributed (300 ap...

Malaysian literature in English has just attained its sixtieth anniversary since its modest inception in the late 1940s, initiated by a small group of college and university students in Singapore. Singapore was the academic hub of British Malaya and the only university of the colony was located there, therefore it was natural that a movement in English writing should have started from there. No...

"When capital and labor markets are imperfect, choice sets narrow, and parents must choose how to ration available funds and time between their children. One consequence is that children become rivals for household resources. In economies with pro-male bias, such rivalries can yield gains to having relatively more sisters than brothers. Using a rich household survey from Ghana [the 1988-1989 Gh...

In this paper I study the relationship between political democracy, interstate rivalry, and militarized interstate conflict. Past research has shown dyadic democracy to have a strong pacifying effect on relations between states; democracies have rarely if ever gone to war against each other. Much of the research in this area has been static and cross-sectional in nature, though, overlooking the...

Understanding how ideas relate to each other is a fundamental question in many domains, ranging from intellectual history to public communication. Because ideas are naturally embedded in texts, we propose the first framework to systematically characterize the relations between ideas based on their occurrence in a corpus of documents, independent of how these ideas are represented. Combining two...

This paper is focused on the manifestations of inter-community animosities and campanilistic rivalries in the treatise Faria - Città Vecchia e non Lesina. Pietro Hektorovich - Cittavecchiano e non Lesignano (1873) written by Hvar's scientist and historian Sime Ljubić (1822-1896). In his scientific argumentation we can find descriptions and comparisons that are more typical of creating stereotyp...