The concept of mind was the main issue philosophical debates on human psychology. In Islamic Psychology, this has been discussed long ago by prominent scholars in Islam, both are explained well Imam al-Ghazali and Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. This study uses library research with content analysis methods. Hence, produces various fundamental ideas. According to al-Ghazali, a very influential role dy...

The authors analyze two historical types of philosophical culture—the classical Eastern Patristics and Arab–Muslim medieval thought. They are united by the religious doctrine man, which allows considering intercultural inter-theological nature these traditions. In more particular terms, article examines understanding human being thinkers Nicaea post-Nicaea periods patristics—Athanasius Alexandr...

ratification as a term common among the imami usulites entails that divine decree is consistently in compliance with the mujtahid’s opinion, and even in cases where the opinions of the mujtahids differ with one another, all of them are right and true and divine. this notion of ratification has been expressed in both mu‘tazilī and ash‘arī manners. the question now is whether sunni usulites belie...