STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. OBJECTIVES To measure superior/inferior translation and external rotation of the humerus relative to the scapula during scapular plane abduction using 3-D/2-D model image registration techniques. BACKGROUND Kinematic changes in the glenohumeral joint, including excessive superior translation of the humeral head and inadequate external rotation of th...

CONTEXT Baseball players rely on the sensorimotor system to uphold the balance between upper extremity stability and mobility while maintaining athletic performance. However, few researchers have studied functional multijoint measures of sensorimotor acuity in overhead-throwing athletes. OBJECTIVE To compare sensorimotor acuity between 2 high-demand functional positions and among planes of mo...

Physicians can usually diagnose the cause of shoulder pain by performing a focused history and physical examination and ordering anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Treatment depends on the cause and can include physical therapy, injections of corticosteroids into the joint space or bursa, and surgery. This paper reviews the diagnosis and treatment of impingement syndrome, adhesive capsuli...

BACKGROUND Whereas synovitis is one of most common findings during arthroscopic surgery in patients with rotator cuff diseases, no study has investigated its characteristics. We propose a macroscopic assessment system for investigating the characteristics of synovitis. METHODS Fifty-four patients with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with an avera...

i f l p j s t hondrolysis of the glenohumeral joint has been reorted to occur after the use of thermal energy, bioaborbable intraarticular implants, intraarticular infusion of upivacaine, and intraarticular injection of gentian vioet dye, as well as after otherwise uncomplicated cases f shoulder arthroscopy during which no such etiologic actors can be identified. Chondrolysis can esult in devas...

BACKGROUND Many children with permanent brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) develop shoulder problems, with subsequent joint deformity without treatment. We assessed the indications and outcome of shoulder operations for BPBI. PATIENTS AND METHODS 31 BPBI patients who had undergone a shoulder operation in our hospital between March 2002 and December 2005 were included in the study. Relocation...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Impingement syndrome is probably the most common cause of shoulder pain. Abnormal abduction and proximal humeral translation are associated with this condition. We evaluated whether the relative distribution between glenohumeral and scapular-trunk motions (the scapulohumeral rhythm) and the speed of motion of the arm differed between patients with impingement and a contro...

BACKGROUND The glenohumeral joint is subjected to opposing forces when the direction of shoulder motion is changed, accelerating and decelerating to make the movements. The influence of motion velocity or acceleration on translation of the humeral head has not been evaluated although direction and distance of humeral head translation has been analyzed in real time in normal shoulders. We hypoth...