The Escherichia coli araBAD operon consists of three genes encoding three enzymes that convert L-arabinose to D-xylulose-5 phosphate. In this paper we report that the genes of the E. coli araBAD operon have been expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using strong promoters from genes encoding S. cerevisiae glycolytic enzymes (pyruvate kinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, and phosphoglycerol kinase)...

Enzymes from females of five Pratylenchus brachyurus populations and one P. scribneri population were analyzed by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis. Of the 18 enzyme systems investigated, only malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) were detected from all five P. brachyurus populations and P. scribneri. Faint bands were detected for isocitrate...

Carotenoids are vital components of photosynthetic cells, where they play important accessory roles in light harvesting and energy transfer to the chlorophylls, maintain structural integrity of the photosynthetic apparatus, and provide photoprotection against the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species that are by-products of photosynthesis. Violaxanthin and neoxanthin also serve as precurs...

Tryptic hydrolysates of native, denatured, or chemically modified phosphoglucose isomerase from rabbit skeletal muscle were subjected to standard peptide mapping techniques. Maps prepared from hydrolysates of either native, guanidine hydrochloride-denatured, or carboxymethylated enzyme were found to have only two-thirds to three-fourths of the number of ninhydrin-positive spots that would be ex...

The conversion of hexose monophosphate to sedoheptulose 7phosphate, first detected by Bonsignore et al. (1) in dialyzed liver extracts, and by Dische (2) in red cell hemolysates, can be attributed to the presence of transketolase and transaldolase in these extracts (3, 4). With highly purified preparations of transketolase and transaldolase, free of phosphoglucose isomerase and xylulose 5-phosp...

Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular pathogen that causes a wide range of diseases in humans. Attachment and entry are key processes in infectivity and subsequent pathogenesis of Chlamydia, yet the mechanisms governing these interactions are unknown. It was recently shown that a cell line, CHO6, that is resistant to attachment, and thus infectivity, of multiple Chlamydia species has a defect ...

The cdc30 mutation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae causes cell cycle arrest late in nuclear division when cells are shifted from the permissive temperature of 25 degrees C to the restrictive temperature of 36.5 degrees C. Cell cycle arrest at 36.5 degrees C is dependent upon the carbon source used: a shift-up in glucose containing media results in cell cycle blockade, whereas a shift-up i...

Enzyme kinetics for systems biology should ideally yield information about the enzyme's activity under in vivo conditions, including such reaction features as substrate cooperativity, reversibility and allostery, and be applicable to enzymatic reactions with multiple substrates. A large body of enzyme-kinetic data in the literature is based on the uni-substrate Michaelis-Menten equation, which ...

The activities of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and phosphohexose isomerase in primary human breast cancer biopsies are shown to be related to the time between mastectomy and recurrence of the cancer. These enzymes have higher activity in malignant breast tissues generally than in non-malignant breast tissues. In tumours from patients with long free period...

OBJECTIVES IL-33, a newly found cytokine which is involved in joint inflammation, could be blocked by a decoy receptor-sST2. The expression and correlation of IL-33 and sST2 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are of great interest. METHODS Synovial fluid (SF) was obtained from 120 RA and 30 osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and paired sera were collected from 54 of these RA patients. The levels of IL-3...