Glutamate (GLU) binding to neurons can cause dynamic changes in intracellular calcium. We tested effects of a 3-group submaximal glutamate stimulus (250, 500 and 750 nanomolar GLU in randomized orders) on neurons in culture, and measured intracellular calcium dynamics in cultures high and low in glia at 8 and 9 days in vitro. Gliadepleted cultures responded to increasing GLU with synchronized d...

Morishita, Wade and Bradley E. Alger. Evidence for endogenous excitatory amino acids as mediators in DSI of GABAAergic transmission in hippocampal CA1. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 2556–2564, 1999. Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) is a process whereby brief ;1-s depolarization to the postsynaptic membrane of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells results in a transient suppression of GAB...

Morishita, Wade and Bradley E. Alger. Evidence for endogenous excitatory amino acids as mediators in DSI of GABAAergic transmission in hippocampal CA1. J. Neurophysiol. 82: 2556–2564, 1999. Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) is a process whereby brief ;1-s depolarization to the postsynaptic membrane of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells results in a transient suppression of GAB...

Glutamate-inserting ochre suppressors have been identified among late-arising, spontaneous revertants of a hisG428 mutant of Salmonella typhimurium and an argE3 mutant of Escherichia coli. The S. typhimurium suppressors mapped in the tRNA2(Glu) gene gltU at 82 min; those in E. coli were found to be in tRNA2(Glu) genes gltW at 56 min, gltU at 85 min, and gltT at 90 min.

Abstract Objective Clinical manifestation of the inflammatory process in its relation to biochemical markers (total cysteine [Cys], cysteine-glycine [CysGly], glutathione [GSH], glutamate-cysteine [Glu-Cys], homocysteine [Hcy], ratio reduced oxidized [GSH/GSSG], [CySH/CySS], malondialdehyde-oxidized low-density lipoproteins [MDA-oxLDL]) has been studied patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (C...

L-Glutamate (Glu)-induced current responses were studied in 119 isolated OFF-type bipolar cells of the cat retina. Cells were recorded by the patch clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration. Glu induced a current carried by alkali metal ions and divalent cations with a permeability ratio of PNa:PK:PCs:PCa = 1:0.94:1.32:0.57. Sensitivity to Glu was highest in the dendritic region. Kainate ...

Intravenous infusion of dexamethasone (Dex) in the fetal lamb causes a two- to threefold increase in plasma glutamine and other glucogenic amino acids and a decrease of plasma glutamate to approximately one-third of normal. To explore the underlying mechanisms, hepatic amino acid uptake and conversion of L-[1-(13)C]glutamine to L-[1-(13)C]glutamate and (13)CO(2) were measured in six sheep fetus...

The effects of acute intraperitoneal administration of ethanol (1-3 g/kg body wt) on the extracellular concentrations of glutamate (GLU), taurine (TAU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat brain nucleus accumbens were studied by the microdialysis technique coupled to HPLC-EC detection. Levels of GLU and GABA were not affected by ethanol, whereas those of TAU were increased by doses of the ...

OBJECTIVES To examine the expression profile of Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) during glutamate (Glu)-induced spiral ganglion cell (SGC) apoptosis. METHODS Cultured SGCs were treated with 10-mM, 25-mM, and 50-mM concentrations of Glu and incubated for 24 or 48 hours. The expression intensity of FasL, Fas, caspase 3, and morphology of single SGC were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. RESUL...

In the cerebellum, retrograde release of glutamate (Glu) by Purkinje cells (PCs) participates in the control of presynaptic neurotransmitter release responsible for the late component of depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE), as well as for depolarization-induced potentiation of inhibition (DPI). It might also participate in the depolarization-induced slow current (DISC) in PCs...