Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent adjuvant in cancer vaccination; however, the specific role of endogenous GM-CSF remains unknown. We performed cell-based vaccination in 2 tumor models. First, we vaccinated C57BL/6 mice lacking either GM-CSF, IL-5, or beta-common chain (betac), a receptor subunit essential for GM-CSF and IL-5 signaling, with melanoma cells en...

A Wide Tuning Range Gm-C Continuous-Time Analog Filter is a CMOS operation nal transconductance amplifier for low-power and wide tuning range filter application is proposed. The transconductor can work from the weak inversion region to the strong inversion region to maximize the transconductance tuning range. The trasconductance can be tuned by changing its bias current. A fifth-order Elliptic ...

This paper describes a preliminary comparative analysis between continuous-time gm-C filters based on a specific transcondutor but designed according to CMOS/bulk (conventional) and CMOS/SOI fabrication processes. A compensation technique to minimize the phase-error (lead-phase) of the basic integrator owing to the relatively high output-conductance of the adopted transconductor is examined. Su...

Highly purified progenitors (including erythroid [BFU-E], granulo-monocytic [CFU-GM], multipotent [CFU-GEMM] progenitors, as well as multipotent progenitors with self-renewal capacity [CFU-B]) express high-affinity growth factor receptors (GFRs), with prevalent interleukin-3 receptors (IL-3Rs) (2,700/cell), a > or = 10-fold lower number of IL-6Rs (145/cell) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-sti...

Abstract We currently lack a complete understanding of the immune responses required to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Our lab has shown that transcription factor BHLHE40 is essential during Mtb Deletion Bhlhe40 in CD11c +lung macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) sufficient increase mouse susceptibility infection, though role these infection unknown. Murine bone marrow cul...

In this study, we first investigated the survival of colonyforming units, granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM), after a single heat treatment. We then examined the induction, devel opment, and decay of thermotolerance in CFU-GM. Finally, we analyzed the profiles of protein synthesis in the total murine bone marrow population during the development of thermotolerance. Several salient features eme...

In this study, we first investigated the survival of colony-forming units, granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM), after a single heat treatment. We then examined the induction, development, and decay of thermotolerance in CFU-GM. Finally, we analyzed the profiles of protein synthesis in the total murine bone marrow population during the development of thermotolerance. Several salient features eme...

Nine glycoproteins (gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, gH, gI, gK, and gL) have been identified in bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1). gM has been identified in many other alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses, in which it appears to play a role in membrane penetration and cell-to-cell fusion. We sought to express BHV-1 open reading frame U(L)10, which encodes gM, and specifically identify the glycoprotein. We corr...

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are formed by the fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts, which is an essential process in bone resorption leading to bone remodeling. Herein we show that GM-CSF promoted the fusion of prefusion osteoclasts (pOCs). The expression of GM-CSF receptor-alpha was significantly up-regulated at the fusion stage of pOCs induced by RANKL. GM-CSF induced the expressio...