In June 2003, the Koizumi administration created the "Trinity Reform Package." In this context, "trinity" means the decentralization reform process that involves three factors: local tax, local allocation tax grant and national government disbursement. There is, however, a missing link in the reform. This is local bond, which is one of major revenue source for local governments. In particular, ...

This study aims at examining the role of coalition parties on local government expenditure. The are comprised several that support regional head in government. Specifically, this focuses two important aspects expenditure: education and health research question is “Does have a significant effect expenditure?”. independent variable elected heads. dependent expenditure, which consists expenditures...

Most analyses of government budgets and their differential impacts on women and men tend to focus on the expenditure side of the budget, with very little attention being given to the revenue side. It is usually assumed that government expenditure has a greater direct impact than revenue in addressing issues such as poverty and inequality. However, the revenue side of the budget, and specificall...

This paper analyses the effects of discretionary fiscal policy by presenting new empirical evidence for Germany within a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) framework. Following Blanchard and Perotti (2002), the SVAR model is identified by applying institutional information. We find no compelling evidence for the effectiveness of discretionary fiscal policy. Cutting taxes does not tend to s...

Most analyses of government budgets and their differential impacts on women and men tend to focus on the expenditure side of the budget, with very little attention being given to the revenue side. It is usually assumed that government expenditure has a greater direct impact than revenue in addressing issues such as poverty and inequality. However, the revenue side of the budget, and specificall...

In this paper I analyze the impact of increasing government infrastructure investment by using existing large foreign exchange reserves in a fully optimizing model matching the Chinese economy. Even though the private investment falls in the nontradable sector, real expenditure and money balance decrease in the short run, the infrastructure investment greately enhances the efficiency and produc...

Solving the budget deficit problem is a concern for many countries; some economists emphasized tax increases or tax cuts, while others favour spending cuts. This paper investigates the interrelationship between total government expenditure and total tax revenue in Barbados using both bivariate and multivariate cointegrating models. The technique of Granger Causality is also applied to determine...

The amount of Development Assistance for Health (DAH) available to low- and middle-income countries has increased exponentially over the past decade. However, there are concerns that DAH increases have not resulted in increased spending on health at the country level. This is because DAH may be fungible, resulting from the recipient government decreasing its contribution to the health sector as...

— This study is the first attempt to examine the determinants of expenditure decentralization at sub-provincial levels in China. The Chinese central government gives detailed guidelines to local governments on public finance, but, ironically, their expenditure assignment is far from being well-regulated. Differences in fiscal decentralization on the expenditure side are enormous among local gov...

Foreign aid in Papua New Guinea (PNG) has been heavily criticised on the grounds that it has undermined incentives for domestic revenue collection, encouraged irresponsible expenditure behaviour and high levels of public debt, and contributed to the poor composition of government spending towards wasteful expenditure items. This paper seeks to determine what impact foreign grants have had on th...