Chloroplast DNA of the protozoan flagellate, Euglena gracilis, exists as circular molecules, 40 mum in contour length, as shown by electron microscopy and buoyant density analyses.

it has been postulated that the building of the manjil and tarik dams on sefidroud river has led to the body shape variation of capoeta gracilis in up- and downstream populations due to the isolation. in this study, geometric morphometric approach was used to explore body shape variations of capoeta gracilis populations in up- and downstream manjil and tarik dams in sefidroud river from south o...

The abnormally elevated plantar pressures under the bony prominences of the diabetic foot (mainly under the medial metatarsal heads and calcaneus) were associated with intensified internal stresses in the deep soft tissues padding these bones. In this study, we tested changes in mechanical properties of muscular tissue after exposure to the internal stress levels typically developing under the ...

Cribellar prey capture threads found in primitive, horizontal orb-webs reflect more light, including ultraviolet wavelengths, than viscous threads found in more derived, vertical orb-webs. Low web visibility and vertical orientation are each thought to increase prey interception and may represent key innovations that contributed to the greater diversity of modern, araneoid orb-weaving spiders. ...

BACKGROUND Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the main restrictor of lateral shifting of the patella, contributing by 60 % in the first 20° flexion of the knee. MPFL reconstruction has been performed in order to restore the stability of the patella with good results.Lyophilized Gracilis tendon allograft (LGA) compared to Cryopreserved Gracilis tendon allograft (CGA) has a lower cost, does...

Our objective was to evaluate the effects of burrowing activities by banner-tail kangaroo rats (Dipodornys spectabilis Merriam) on plant community structure and species dominance for two patch types at the ecotone between shortgrass steppe and desert grassland in New Mexico, USA. 10mounds produced by kangaroo rats were selected in patches dominated by Bo~ireloua gracilis (the dominant in shortg...

plexus injury. Few studies report the rate of revision surgeries following free functional muscle transfers. We examinedthe reoperation rate and indication for reoperation after primary reconstruction of upper extremity function with a freegracilis transfer after brachial plexus injury.Methods: From 2003-2016, we identified 25 patients who underwent a free functional gracilis ...

Cannibalism has been observed in a variety of extant amphibians. In some species, cannibalism is a common phenomenon, whereas in others, it is an optional behaviour (Warburg et al. 1979; Crump et al. 1992; Degani 1993; Bressi et al. 1996; Thiesmeier 2004). Most frequently, amphibian eggs and larvae are subjected to cannibalistic predation, and most cannibals are found among larvae of urodelans ...

We examined patterns of genetic isolation-by-distance in two sister species of freshwater copepods, Eudiaptomus graciloides and Eudiaptomus gracilis, using the polymorphism of microsatellite markers. We assumed an enhanced dispersal potential of the species possessing diapausing eggs (E. graciloides) compared with E. gracilis with no diapause. On a longitudinal gradient spanning from northern G...