Machine translation between any two languages requires the generation of information that is implicit in the source language. In translating from Chinese to English, tense and other temporal information must be inferred from other grammatical and lexical cues. Moreover, Chinese multiple-clause sentences may contain inter-clausal relations (temporal or otherwise) that must be explicit in English...

This study aimed at investigating the effects of grammatical error correction on EFL learners’ accuracy. Twenty-two male and female senior students were chosen randomly to respond to a questionnaire investigating their beliefs about immediate grammatical error correction.  Actually, the study was conducted in order to answer this question: what is the effect of grammatical error feedback on stu...

Syntactic parsing in NLP is the task of working out the grammatical structure of sentences. Some of the purely formal approaches to parsing such as phrase structure grammar, dependency grammar have been successfully employed for a variety of languages. While phrase structure based constituent analysis is possible for fixed order languages such as English, dependency analysis between the grammat...

Scientific articles exhibit a fairly conventionalized structure in terms of topic types such as background, researchTopic, method and their ordering and rhetorical interrelations. This paper describes an effort to make such structures explicit by providing a corpus of German linguistic articles with XML markup according to a text type schema defining 21 topic type categories. The corpus is furt...

The current study addresses the controversial issue of how different grammatical categories are neurally processed. Several lesion-deficit studies suggest that distinct neural substrates underlie the representation of nouns and verbs, with verb deficits associated with damage to left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and noun deficits with damage to left temporal cortex. However, this view is not u...

Detection of automatically generated papers has been a new field of research. However, all current approaches are working at the document level and are unable to detect a small amount of generated text inside a large body of genuine written text. This paper will present the Grammatical Structure Similarity (GSS) measurement to detect sentences or short fragments from known generators. The propo...

2 Acknowledgements I thank my professors and mentors Ralf Vogel and Miriam Butt. Ralf Vogel provided me constantly with support and encouragement. I benefited a lot from the discussions with him. He was the person who evoked my interest in syntax and OT and impressed me with his prompt and insightful analysis of linguistic data. Furthermore, I thank Miriam Butt for her professional comments and...

-Natural Language Processing is the multidisciplinary area of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Computational Linguistic for processing human language automatically. It involves understanding and processing of human language. The way through which we share our contents or feelings have always great importance in understanding and processing of language. Parsing is the most suited ap...