There were several errors in J. Exp. Biol. (2021) 224, jeb239814 (doi:10.1242/jeb.239814).In Fig. 4A, the label for light blue section Continuous, 1-Mouse pie chart was missing and now reads 2%; dark of 1-Jump, 4-Mouse is labelled 13% rather than 12%.In 5A, green 49%.In 5D y-axis 0.03 0.3.All versions article have been updated.We apologise to authors readers these errors, which introduced durin...

Objective: In traditional medicine, Ficus carica (also known as fig) latex is recognized as a remedy with various therapeutic effects. Recently, in vitro studies have reported the anticancer effect of this latex on cancer cell lines. This study evaluated the effect of this latex on breast cancer growth, hematological parameters, and histopathology in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four fem...

Fig wasps and fig trees are mutually dependent, with each of the 800 or so species of fig trees (Ficus, Moraceae) typically pollinated by a single species of fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae). Molecular evidence suggests that the relationship existed over 65 Ma, during the Cretaceous. Here, we record the discovery of the oldest known fossil fig wasps, from England, dated at 34 Ma. They possess ...

1. The mechanisms that prevent competition (conflict) between the recipient and co-operative actor in co-operative systems remain one of the greatest problems for evolutionary biology. Previous hypotheses suggest that self-restraint, dispersal or spatial constraints can prevent direct competition for local resources or any other common resources, thereby maintaining stable co-operation interact...