Abstract According to the Maxim of Quality, rational agents tend speak honestly. Due influence Grice, a connection between linguistic rationality and honesty is often taken for granted. However, not obvious: structural in language use does require honesty, any more than it requires dishonesty. In particular, Quality follow from Cooperative Principle rationality. But then what honest speech? I p...

People always do communication with others. Communication has several functions, such as conveying idea and giving information to In information, people use a language. One main requirements needed by person is make sure that the listener or involved in conversation will cooperate each other; so this, can run well. Paul Grice states cooperative principle assumption participants normally attempt...

The redundant-signals effect is the observed RT advantage for trials presenting two or more targets, as compared with trials with only one target. Two general classes of parallel-processing model have been proposed to explain this effect: race models (e.g., Raab, 1962) and coactivation models (e.g., Miller, 1982). Various distributional analyses have been used in work aimed at discriminating be...

Such aspectual verbs and degree modifiers can be treated as scalar expressions with lower-bounded (‘at least’) semantics (on scalar semantics, see Horn, 1972; Gazdar, 1979; Atlas and Levinson, 1981; Atlas, 1984; Grice, 1989; Levinson, 2000). In cases where this semantic content falls short of the informativeness and relevance expectations raised by the conversational exchange, the hearer is ent...

Despite the ’apparent clarity’ of a given legal provision, its application may result in an outcome that does not exactly conform to the semantic level of a statute. The vagueness within a legal text is induced intentionally to accommodate all possible scenarios under which such norms should be applied, thus making the role of pragmatics an important aspect also in the representation of a legal...

Speakers often include extra information when producing referring expressions, which is inconsistent with the Maxim of Quantity (Grice, 1975). In this study, we investigated how comprehension is affected by unnecessary information. The literature is mixed: some studies have found that extra information facilitates comprehension and others reported impairments. We used an attentional-cueing para...

Language does not directly code facts about the world. Instead, speakers and listeners rely on shared assumptions to allow them to communicate more efficiently. Writers like Grice and Sperber & Wilson have proposed that communication is assumed to be “informative” or “relevant,” but the predictions of these accounts are often informal or post-hoc. Here we propose a formal analogue to these acco...

INTRODUCTION The clients of the construction industry are primarily concerned with quality, time and cost and yet the majority of construction projects are procured on the basis of only two of these parameters, namely time and cost (Bennett and Grice, 1990). This is understandable since the majority of project management control systems highlight time and cost, and overlook the relative importa...

Some of the meaning of a discourse is encoded in its linguistic forms. Thls is the truth-conditional meaning of the propositions those forms express and entail. Some of the meaning is suggested (or 'implicated', as Grice would say) by the fact that the encooer expresses just those propositions in just those linguistic forms in just the given contexts [2]. The first klnd of meaning is usually la...