The Pliocene lignite hypothesis is an environmental hypothesis that has been proposed to explain the etiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). Aqueous leaching experiments were conducted on a variety of coal samples in order to simulate groundwater leaching of organic compounds, and to further test the role of the Pliocene lignite hypothesis in the etiology of BEN. Experiments were performe...

This study examines the application of solid-phase microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography combined with ost-column photochemically induced fluorimetry derivatization and fluorescence detection (SPME–HPLC–PIF–FD) for the determination of four henylurea herbicides (monolinuron, diuron, linuron and neburon) and propanil in groundwater. Direct immersion (DI) SPME was ap...

In the North China Plain, water shortage seriously restricts economic development, and agricultural irrigation depends heavily on groundwater extraction. Irrigation precipitation may directly recharge in irrigated region. Therefore, calculating of to is essential for sustainable utilization resources. Furthermore, determining transformation relationship precipitation-soil water-groundwater help...

BACKGROUND The majority of rural population in Iran depends on groundwater resources for drinking purposes. In recent years, pesticide contamination of limited water resources has become a serious challenge worldwide. This study quantified the pesticides residue in rural groundwater resources in the northwest of Iran. METHODS A total of 78 groundwater samples were collected in June and Sep-te...