The combined effect of soil moisture in unsaturated soil layers and pore-water pressure in saturated soil layers is critical to predict landslides. An improved infinite slope stability model, that directly includes unsaturated zone soil moisture and groundwater, is derived and used to analyze the factor of safety’s sensitivity to unsaturated zone soil moisture. This sensitivity, the change in t...

Nitrogen isotopes have been used as a tool for identifying sources of nitrate contamination in groundwater for almost 30 years. The method is used most successfully in areas with permeable vadose zones with a shallow groundwater table and in rock units such as fractured limestone, where travel times and/or distances from the source(s) are short. The hydrogeology of Kansas is variable – groundwa...

A cluster of hot springs in Bakreswar geothermal area, which belongs to the Chotanagpur Gneissic Complex in the eastern part of Peninsular India, is characterised by varying temperature and similar chemical composition. Ž . Vertical electrical sounding VES investigations in and around Bakreswar reveal the presence of two to four prominent lithologic layers under prevailing hydrodynamic conditio...

North American railroads transport a wide variety of chemicals, chemical mixtures and solutions in railroad tank cars. In the event of an accident, these materials may be spilled and impact the environment. Among the chemicals commonly transported are a number of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs). If these are spilled they can contaminate soil and groundwater and result in costly cleanup...

Plant rooting depth affects ecosystem resilience to environmental stress such as drought. Deep roots connect deep soil/groundwater to the atmosphere, thus influencing the hydrologic cycle and climate. Deep roots enhance bedrock weathering, thus regulating the long-term carbon cycle. However, we know little about how deep roots go and why. Here, we present a global synthesis of 2,200 root observ...

iran is among the world’s arid and semi-arid regions and its demand for water has been increased due topopulation growth, urbanization and the development the economic sectors (industrial and agricultural). inmany of these regions, the lack of planning and the unauthorized use of resources have led to excessiveexploitation and a lower level of groundwater. the usable groundwater for the country...