According to DSM-IV-TR, a hallucination is “a sensory perception that has a compelling sense of reality of a true perception, but occurs without external stimulation of the relevant sensory organ.” Thus, an auditory hallucination is a false perception of sound. These are the most common forms of hallucinations (1). Auditory hallucinations are found most often in patients with schizophrenia, wit...

Between 8 and 40% of Parkinson disease (PD) patients will have visual hallucinations (VHs) during the course of their illness. Although cognitive impairment has been identified as a risk factor for hallucinations, more specific neuropsychological deficits underlying such phenomena have not been established. Research in psychopathology has converged to suggest that hallucinations are associated ...

The exact pathogenesis of visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease is not known but an integrated model has been proposed that includes impaired visual input and central visual processing, impaired brainstem regulation of sleep-wake cycle with fluctuating vigilance, intrusion of rapid eye movement dream imagery into wakefulness and emergence of internally generated imagery, cognitive dysfun...

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to present 2 children with visual hallucinations possibly associated with clarithromycin administration at therapeutic dosage. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Two children were admitted to our hospital with sudden onset of visual hallucinations after taking clarithromycin at therapeutic dosage by mouth. Physical examination, laboratory investigations and imaging studies were normal...

The disturbance of somatosensory perception and bodily experiences, including somatosensory hallucinations, are main features of the coenaesthesia sub-syndrome of schizophrenia. We used functional MRI to study a coenaesthesia patient with rapidly fluctuating painful somatosensory hallucinatory perceptions. Transient brain activations accompanying hallucinations were similar to the pattern elici...

PURPOSE The purpose of this case report is to document a patient with cinematographic hallucinations, with corresponding right temporal lobe seizures on electroencephalogram (EEG). RESULTS The results showed that the patient's EEG was normal. The patient subsequently reported hallucinations, which had been occurring for the last several months. During monitoring, no interictal EEG abnormaliti...

We examined the cognitive correlates of hallucinations and delusions in 47 schizophrenia spectrum individuals. Hallucinations were significantly negatively correlated with performance on episodic memory tasks, and were not significantly associated with performance on tasks measuring fluency or concentration/attention. Although hallucinations were more strongly associated with performance on ver...

CASE REPORT An 81-year-old woman with age-related macular degeneration and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma developed visual hallucinations (faces, flowers and frames) shortly after beginning brimonidine drops. Neurologic and psychiatric examination was normal. Visual hallucinations disappeared within 10 days after discontinuing the drug. DISCUSSION The Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is characterise...

We compared 20 patients with late-onset schizophrenia, 7 with delusional disorder with hallucinations (paraphrenia), and 13 with delusional disorder without hallucinations (late-onset paranoia). We found that these three categories could be distinguished from each other on some clinical parameters. Late-onset schizophrenia was characterized by bizarre delusions; auditory hallucinations; to a le...

BACKGROUND Cerebral thromboembolism is a rare, but well-recognized complication of angiographic procedures. Peduncular hallucinosis (PH) is a form of complex visual hallucinations usually associated with lesions in the midbrain and thalamus. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 79-years-old male patient with internuclear ophthalmoplegia and vivid lilliputian visual hallucinations (pedunc...