Engineered wood composites are being crafted with increasingly smaller and smaller components, yet a search of the literature indicates a lack of intra-ring mechanical property data for almost all commercial wood types, particularly the underutilized low density hardwoods. In addition, there is no universally accepted testing regime for determining micromechanical properties of wood samples. As...

1 Sudden and excessive exposure of northern hardwood trees often causes growth responses that degrade tree quality, injuries that lead to tree deterioration, or both. The most sensitive and visible tree reaction to increased exposure is the formation of epicormic branches. Such branches may arise along the tree bole from either dormant or adventitious buds in response to some physiological stim...

--Regeneration after clearcutting of Southern Appalachian hardwood stands varies substantially in species composition not only among sites of different quality and previous-stand composition, but also among sites of similar quality and similar previous-stand composition. Severe competition from less desirable species for available growing space is cOllDlon in regenerated stands. The appropriate...

Preharvest herbicide treatment of undesirable and unmerchantable v getation was compared to postharvest felling. Ten years after the clearcut harvesting, the preharvest treatment had increased the number and proportion of desirable stems and decreased the number and proportion of undesirable sprouts in the dominant stand. Stands that developed after the preharvest herb•cide treatment are domina...

Antidesma alexiteria and Syzygium caryophyllatum are two fruit species found in Sri Lanka of which the commercial development potential has not been fully identified. To bring these back into cultivation, establishment suitable propagation systems for mass is important. Therefore, this research was designed to identify potting media, stem cutting types requirement auxin successful vegetative sp...

. Overall, 409 Coleoptera species (369 identified to species, 24 genus only, and 16 subfamily only), representing 275 genera 58 beetle families, were collected from late May through September 2017 at the Grass River Natural Area (GRNA), Antrim County, Michigan, using baited multi-funnel traps (210 species), pitfall (104 sweep nets (168 species). All three collecting methods used in distinct hab...