Increasing energy efficiency and reducing the use of hazardous materials are the main goals of Green computing. Energy efficiency has become an important issue in today’s global IT scenario. From embedded systems to large scale systems, all sectors of IT are facing this challenge. The various facts and challenges faced in the Green IT environment are discussed in this paper. This paper also foc...

Implementation of highway-rail level crossing warning systems, educational programs and research on crossings have all contributed to a steady reduction in the risk of level crossings to North American highway users over the past several decades. Much less attention has been given to understanding the effect of level crossings on train safety and risk. Incidents at highway-rail level crossings ...

This study assesses the risk to soil and groundwater in the event of a spill of hazardous materials transported in railroad tank cars. Tank cars are designed to be resistant to damage in accidents to reduce the probability of a spill. For safety and economic reasons, the damage-resistant design of tank cars is commensurate with the degree of hazard posed by the product they are intended to tran...

A principal-agent (P-A) model is used to analyse the effect of environmental performance indicators (EPI) on environmental risk sharing within the firm. To achieve due diligence, the principal (top management), having to use imperfect performance indicators and fearing penalties for environmental damages, wants to avoid environmental harm and induce the agent (employee manipulating hazardous ma...

Public reporting burden of this collection of in formation is estimated to average 45 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing in structions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to a collection of informat...

The ability of a contemporary accurate-mass Q-TOF instrument coupled to a UHPLC to detect trace levels of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) in complex wastewaters has been investigated. NPEOs are environmentally hazardous substances that affect aquatic organisms. The study was motivated by the “confirmation of contaminants” concept, which is based on the use of identification points (IPs) as ...

Environmental management, for which environmental and human health risk assessment is the first stage, is a requirement for industries both before construction and during operation in order to sustain improved quality of life in the ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose an approach that integrates environmental and human health risk assessment for industries using hazardous ...

The transportation of hazardous materials is always accompanied by considerable risk that will impact public and environment security. As an efficient and reliable transportation organization, a multimodal service should participate in the transportation of hazardous materials. In this study, we focus on transporting hazardous materials through the multimodal service network and explore the haz...

The basic Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem (VRSP) is described followed by an outline of solution approaches. Different variations of the basic VRSP are examined that involve the consideration of additional constraints or other changes in the structure of the appropriate model. An introduction is provided to Green Logistics issues that are relevant to vehicle routing and scheduling includ...

Dermal exposure, primarily to pesticides, has been measured for almost half a century. Compared with exposure by inhalation, limited progress has been made towards standardisation of methods of measurement and development of biologically relevant exposure measures. It is suggested that the absence of a consistent terminology and a theoretical model has been an important cause of this lack of pr...