Dr Chris Aps has been involved, since the early 1980s, with the impact of the surgical patient on critical care provision. At that time, he established clinical techniques to lower patient dependency after cardiac surgery. This allowed for the postoperative management of such patients in a general recovery facility rather than in the formal Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This became known as cardia...

objective: to evaluate the current scientific evidence for the applicability, safety and effectiveness of pathways of enhanced recovery after emergency surgery (eras). methods: we undertook a search using pubmed and cochrane databases for eras protocols in emergency cases. the search generated 65 titles; after eliminating the papers not meeting search criteria, we selected 4 cohort studies and ...

The osmotic pressure of 3He-4He solutions is shown to follow in a natural way from the separation of the specific heat in a quasiparticle contribution and a 4He-contribution. Expressions for important thermodynamic properties such as the chemical potentials, the internal energy, the entropy, specific heat, osmotic pressure, etc. are given for the case the quasiparticle gas can be treated as a n...