Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a kind of wireless network. It is a backbone of new generation advanced communication technology. MANET is an ideal applicant for rescue and emergency situation due to its independence of connected devices of fixed wires. This paper represents a work on trust based system in MANET cluster that can be used to improve the performance of the network even in the existence o...

Aimed at the limited energy of nodes in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) and the heavy load of cluster heads in clustering routing algorithms, this paper proposes a dynamic layered dual-cluster routing algorithm based on Krill Herd optimization in UWSNs. Cluster size is first decided by the distance between the cluster head nodes and sink node, and a dynamic layered mechanism is esta...

-------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------------------The Wireless sensor networks (WSN) consisting of a large number of sensors that are effective for gathering data in a variety of environments, as the sensor operate on battery which is of limited power. To support high scalability and better data aggregation i...

nowadays, wireless sensor network has been of interest to investigators and the greatest challenge in this part is the limited energy of sensors. sensors usually are in the harsh environments and transit in these environments is hard and impossible and moreover the nodes use non- replaceable batteries. because of this, saving energy is very important. in this paper we tried to decrease hard and...

Routing technology at the network layer is pivotal in architecture of wireless sensor networks. As an active branch routing technology, cluster-based protocols excel topology management, energy minimization, data aggregation and so on. In this paper, mechanisms for networks are analyzed. Cluster head selection, cluster formation transmission three key techniques protocols. viewed from technique...

WSNs introduce a modern model of an enhanced computing paradigm which has significant impact on real-time embedded systems with minimal computing, connectivity, storage, and energy capacity that are being used for wide variety applications where conventional networks largely infeasible. Sensor nodes compactly installed in hostile atmosphere to observe, track, interpret physical phenomena, using...

In numerous applications, self-organizing property of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is an important characteristic. It calls for decompositions of the network into clusters of desirable bound. Cluster based WSN can enhance the whole networks lifetime. In every cluster, the cluster head (CH) plays an important role in aggregating and forwarding data sensed by other non-leader nodes. A major iss...

In-network data aggregation plays an important role on energy consumption from the point of reducing the amount of communication in cluster-based wireless sensor networks. The selection of cluster heads is usually based on two criteria which are the number of cluster heads network needed and the times of every node serving as the cluster head. Too much or too little cluster head number will sho...

This paper presents an Energy Efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for clustered wireless sensor networks that aims to improve energy efficiency and delay performance. The proposed protocol employs an adaptive cross-layer intra-cluster scheduling and an inter-cluster relay selection diversity. The scheduling is based on available data packets and remaining energy level of the source n...

Smart Dust Network (SDN) consists of no-infrastructure, sovereign network, smart dust nodes are associated with wireless paths in multihop fashion. No-infrastructure and mobility atmosphere contains complexity to establish an innovative secure routing approach for MWSN. The major problem MWSN is because its scarce resource accessibility nature. Energy-resourceful indispensable since each node c...