Commitment of political leadership The PNG government have been committed to improving maternal and child health. A number of reports over the past 5 years have highlighted the problems and proposed solutions including the Ministerial Taskforce on Maternal Health in PNG (2009); and the PNG Child Health Policy & Plan 2009-2020. These two reports particularly give a clear indication of the commit...

Childhood obesity is an increasing public health problem in western culture. Sedentary lifestyles and an "obesogenic environment" are the main influences on children leading to an increase in obesity. The objective of this paper is to describe an e-health platform for the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity called ETIOBE. This e-health platform is an e-therapy system for the treatment...

There is increased interest in strengthening health systems for developing countries. However, at present, there is common uncertainty about how to accomplish this task. Specifically, several nations are faced with an immense challenge of revamping an entire system. To accomplish this, it is essential to first identify the components of the system that require modification. The World Health Org...

The foundations of medical education have drawn from the Flexner Report to prepare students for practice over a century. These recommendations relied, however, upon limited set competencies and relatively narrow view physician’s role. There been increasing calls expand those professional identity physician better meet current future needs patients, health systems, society. We propose framework ...

The objective of the study was to assess the safety of the HyperSound® Audio System (HSS), a novel audio system using ultrasound technology, in normal hearing subjects under normal use conditions; we considered pre-exposure and post-exposure test design. We investigated primary and secondary outcome measures: i) temporary threshold shift (TTS), defined as >10 dB shift in pure tone air conductio...

This research investigated the flexural behavior of high-strength steel (HSS)—concrete composite beams. The effect concrete strength on load-deflection behavior, capacity, and ductility HSS—concrete beams was investigated. Four full-scale beam specimens were tested under static load. test results demonstrate that failure mode is member compression fracture at mid-span. exhibits good mechanical ...

BACKGROUND Systems of governance play a key role in the operation and performance of health systems. In the past six decades, China has made great advances in strengthening its health system, most notably in establishing a health insurance system that enables residents of rural areas to achieve access to essential services. Although there have been several studies of rural health insurance sche...

On November 6, 2002, Grantmakers In Health (GIH) convened a group of experts from the fields of philanthropy, research, government, and policy to examine the nation's public health infrastructure and explore opportunities for grantmakers to strengthen and sustain this fragile and troubled system. During the course of this meeting, representatives from the Institute of Medicine, which recently r...

BACKGROUND Health system strengthening is critical to ensure the integration and scaling-up of priority health promotion, disease prevention and control programs. Normative guidelines are available to address health system function imbalances while strategic and analytical frameworks address critical functions in complex systems. Tacit knowledge-based health system constructs can help identify ...