We present spectra of the diffuse FUV (900 – 1200 Å) emission from a region near the Orion Nebula: the first high resolution spectra of the diffuse background radiation. These observations were made using serendipitous FUSE observations and were only possible because of the strength of the diffuse emission (≈ 3× 10 photons cm sr s Å) and the sensitivity of the FUSE instrument. Preliminary model...

Geant4 is a toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter, developed with advanced software engineering techniques. Its application areas include high energy and nuclear physics experiments, space physics, medical physics and radiation background studies.

abstract nowadays, solar energy as one of the most important sources of clean and free of damaging environmental effects energy are used in many cases including generation of electricity, heat and desalination of salt water. the purpose of this research is identification of high radiation areas as most suitable regions for these applications.to do this, cloudiness data of 120 synoptic stations ...

Humans are exposed to ionizing radiation not only through background radiation but also through the ubiquitous presence of devices and sources that generate radiation. With the expanded use of radiation in day-to-day life, the chances of accidents or misuse only increase. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the dynamic effects of radiation exposure on biological entities is necessary. The bi...

If the mean properties of clusters of galaxies are well described by the entropy-driven model, the distortion induced by the cluster population on the blackbody spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation is proportional to the total amount of intracluster gas, while temperature anisotropies are dominated by the contribution of 1014 M middle dot in circle clusters. This result depends...

We study the spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background radiation induced by the effect in clusters of galaxies when the target electrons have a modified Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution with a high-energy nonthermal tail. Bremsstrahlung radiation from this type of electron distribution may explain the suprathermal X-ray emission observed in some clusters such as the Coma Cluster and...