Predation by wolves affects all livestock farming systems, including those having different batches of animals being simultaneously grazed in distinct and sometimes distant fenced pastures scattered over a landscape. In the absence responsible human herding watching his flock or herd, protection sole combination fences guard dogs is new practice France, that has not yet received much attention ...

With increasing levels of outdoor recreation activities, consequences for wildlife through interactions with recreationists are highly variable. Behavioural changes in one potential consequence recreationists. In ungulate populations, vigilance and flight responses well-known antipredator behaviours, an increase their level indicates a more intense stress which, ultimately, can have animal fitn...

In Indonesia, da’wah activities have been implemented in various ways, including mountaineering. However, data showed that many mountain hikers Indonesia had seriously injured (even died) due to a lack of knowledge and preparation for hiking. This article aimed analyze the goals hiking fulfilling reproductive health conducted by Pendaki Hijabers community members. The authors used phenomenologi...

ABSTRACT During 2001 to 2003, the transmission biology of Phytophthora ramorum, the causal agent of sudden oak death, was studied in mixedevergreen forest, a common forest type in northern, coastal California. Investigation of the sources of spore production focused on coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and bay laurel (Umbellularia californica), dominant hosts that comprised 39.7 and 46.2% of t...

What I want to describe is a kind of experimental mathematics, ideal for doing at times when honest thinking is not going well. The requirements are a small computer (pencil and paper suffice, though the calculations are tedious), and Neil Sloane’s “A Handbook of Integer Sequences” [15]. This book, a kind of hitch-hikers’ guide to the universe N”, consists mainly of a list of 2372 sequences of ...

People who interact with rangelands on a regular basis gain practical insights about how rangelands work by living on and working with them. This local knowledge is refi ned over time as individuals see the way the land responds to weather, management, and disturbances. Local knowledge (LK) is a type of knowledge “integrally linked with the lives of people, always produced in dynamic interactio...

Non-native invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity, especially in freshwater ecosystems. Freshwater ecosystems are naturally rather isolated from one another. Nonetheless, invasive species often spread rapidly across water sheds. This spread is to a large extent realized by human activities that provide vectors. For example, recreational boats can carry invasive species propagules a...

IN the past seven years four cases of cough fracture with eight fractures were found at Killadeas Hospital and the Chest Clinic, Erne Hospital, Enniskillen. No previous record of cough fracture of a rib in Northern Ireland is known to the writer. Yet any patient with a history of cough followed by pleuritic pain may be suffering from one. Other conditions predisposing to fracture may also be pr...