Meyer-Rath and Over assert in another article in the July 2012 PLoS Medicine Collection, "Investigating the Impact of Treatment on New HIV Infections", that economic evaluations of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in currently existing programs and in HIV treatment as prevention (TasP) programs should use cost functions that capture cost dependence on a number of factors, such as scale and scope of...

The global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic reached staggering proportions over the past 2 decades, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa and other developing countries. Tremendous increases in donor resources over the past decade have allowed for a rapid scale-up of antiretroviral treatment and greater access to basic care and prevention programs in countries worst affected by...

HIV rapid testing is a key tool in the fight against the HIV/AIDS epidemic; it enables the rapid expansion of prevention and treatment programs in resource-limited countries. Meeting the goals of these programs means that millions of people will need testing annually. Accuracy and reliability of these tests are critical to the success of these programs. Given the enormous number of rapid tests ...

Australia's response to HIV/AIDS has been described as 'proactive and effective' (Steven, 1994: 237). The rate of HIV transmission has, so far, declined to a steady state level and treatment and care programs work in conjunction with a system of cost-free, or low cost, universal health care. Overall, HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programs have been successful because of the adoption of a 'p...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) nucleic acid testing is increasingly being used by researchers and public health screening programs to identify highly infectious, HIV antibody-negative individuals with acute HIV infection. We present cases to illustrate unusual instances of acute HIV screening, which include "window period" testing and the discovery of low-level HIV RNA.

background hiv/aids is an infectious disease and the fourth cause of death in the world and.iran and other middle east countries are suffering from it.medical staff, particularly nurses are at risk for bloodborne pathogens especially human immunodeficiency virus.we aimed to investigate educational needs of nurses about hiv/ aids. material and methods in this cross-sectional study, 196 nurses of...

A wide variety of underused effective HIV prevention programs exist. This article describes sources for obtaining such effective programs and issues to consider in selecting an existing effective program for use with one's priority population. It also discusses seven steps involved in adapting an effective program to meet the needs of a new context while preserving core components (what made, o...

Background & aim: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) present a serious public health burden, which are considered as the factors contributing to acute illnesses, infertility, long-term disability, and mortality. The aim of the present study was to provide an in-depth understanding of the participants' perceptions about the integration of gender-sensitive approach to safe motherhood program ...

Background: Health facilities in rural, resource limited settings face multiple challenges responding to a growing demand for HIV treatment, including lack of adequate numbers of trained health workers. Many programs have used community health support workers (CHSWs) to provide specific services related to HIV care, and to complement facility-based treatment. Methods: In rural southern Ethiopia...

mains a driving factor in the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Although a large body of scientific evidence supports the application of prevention initiative, such as needle exchanges and methadone maintenance, these programs remain controversial and coverage of such programs remains low. A report by the Global HIV Prevention Working Group estimates that only 8% of injection drug users globally have access t...