Using deep sequencing, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance-associated mutations were detected as minority species in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 4 patients with higher HIV type 1 RNA load in CSF than in plasma, but not in 2 patients with higher plasma viral load. Deep sequencing could help our understanding of viral escape in the central nervous system.

Although the accessibility of HIV treatment in developing nations has increased dramatically over the past decade, viral load testing to monitor the response of patients receiving therapy is often unavailable. Existing viral load technologies are often too expensive or resource-intensive for poor settings, and there is no appropriate HIV viral load test currently available at the point-of-care ...

To evaluate factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA load, we conducted a cross-sectional study of 36 chronically HIV-1-infected individuals with undetectable plasma viral RNA. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to determine the number of HIV-1 proviral DNA copies per 10(6) peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The mean level of plasma viral RNA wh...

BACKGROUND South African guidelines recommend protease-inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) with lopinavir-ritonavir for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children <36 months of age. We investigated factors associated with viral suppression and mortality among young children initiating ART. METHODS Treatment-naive, ART-eligible, HIV-infected children (aged 6-104 weeks) were ...

CONTEXT Evidence suggests that since highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) became available, the prevalence of unprotected sex and the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have increased. OBJECTIVE To conduct 3 meta-analyses to determine whether (1) being treated with HAART, (2) having an undetectable viral load, or (3) holding specific beliefs about HAART and viral load...

Non-Hispanic blacks/African Americans (blacks) represent 12% of the U.S. POPULATION * However, in 2014 an estimated 43% (471,500) of persons living with diagnosed and undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were blacks (1). In 2016, blacks accounted for 44% of all new HIV diagnoses (2). Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescriptions among persons in HIV care increased ov...

This study examined 30 HIV-infected women in Manila to assess the relationship between cervicovaginal and plasma HIV-1 viral load. An interview and gynaecologic examination was conducted and cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and venous blood specimens were collected. HIV-1 RNA was detected in plasma samples of 24 patients (80%) and in CVL samples of 18 women (60%); 16 patients (53%) had detectable le...

Trends in HIV virulence have been studied since the beginning of the epidemic. Early studies examined direct clinical events, but the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) necessitated the shift to studies of prognostic markers measured before initiation of treatment. Commonly used markers are the set-point viral load, CD4 T-cell count at seroconversion, and rate of CD4 cell ...

Methods A cross-sectional prevalence and analytic study were realized. Risk factors, HIV or HCV co-infections, antiretroviral therapy (ART) experience, HBsAg, HBeAg, HBV viral load and mutations genetic analysis were collected; CD4+ cells count from HIV co-infected patients and HIV viral load were measured. We calculated the prevalence and exact 95% binomial confidence interval as well the Odds...

Diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a key driver of the HIV epidemic, remains a public health challenge. The PlasmAcute technology offers an opportunity to detect early anti-HIV antibody responses. B lymphocytes (B cells) were isolated from the blood of seronegative miners in South Africa by using the PlasmAcute method. B-cell lysates and paired sera were tested for...