OBJECTIVE Evaluate changes in the force system of T-Loop Springs (TLS) preactivated by curvature, due to stress relaxation. METHODS Ninety TLSs measuring 6 x 10 mm, produced out with 0.017 x 0.025-in TMA® wire and preactived by gradual curvature, were randomly distributed into nine groups according to time point of evaluation. Group 1 was tested immediately after spring preactivation and stre...

P oters CONCLUSION: Previous studies were consistent with our results for both the vertical and horizontal dermal forces. In our study, the tensile strength of the tested human abdominal dermis samples, both aesthetic and post-bariatric, were superior to the tested commercial meshes. Therefore, in some selected cases, abdominal dermis could be an alternative tool in abdominal reconstruction dur...

P oters CONCLUSION: Previous studies were consistent with our results for both the vertical and horizontal dermal forces. In our study, the tensile strength of the tested human abdominal dermis samples, both aesthetic and post-bariatric, were superior to the tested commercial meshes. Therefore, in some selected cases, abdominal dermis could be an alternative tool in abdominal reconstruction dur...

Handheld load has been reported to enhance horizontal jump performance, however little is known about its influence on ground reaction forces (GRF), especially in female athletes. This study investigated the effects of individualized optimal handheld loading on the technical and physical ability to apply GRF during horizontal jumping in female netball players. Maximal effort, single standing, h...

Controlled aerial descent has evolved at least 30 times independently in different vertebrate and invertebrate lineages. A whole suite of morphological modifications, such as patagia, lateral skin folds and webbed feet, have been suggested to enhance descending ability. In this study, we compare aerial performance (i.e. vertical and horizontal velocity, horizontal distance covered, duration of ...

[Purpose] The mechanical strength of wheelchair and seating products is specified by standards to ensure user safety. However, some individual users are affected by severe spasticity resulting from cerebral palsy that occasionally breaks such devices. Until recently, reports of quantitative measurement of these mechanical overloads have been scarce, and the exact loads applied have been unknown...

The natural convection heat transfer of horizontal rectangle enclosures with different aspect ratios (A = 2:1 and A = 4:1) filled with Ag-Ga nanofluid (different nanoparticle volume fractions φ = 0.01, φ = 0.03, φ = 0.05 and radiuses r = 20 nm, r = 40 nm, r = 80 nm) at different Rayleigh numbers (Ra = 1 × 103 and Ra = 1 × 105) is investigated by a two-phase lattice Boltzmann model. It is found ...

We describe a force feedback scheme that is able to provide for haptic depth perception for use during the static 2d viewing of 3d angiograms. The scheme returns 2d horizontal forces that bear some analogy with forces that would be needed to glide a virtual proxy on the vessel centerlines. The display system was evaluated by asking subjects to determine the relative depth of randomly selected p...

A transducer has been developed to record the shear or horizontal components of force beneath the sole of the foot. When used with a vertical force transducer it has enabled a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical forces acting beneath the foot when walking in various types of footwear. Considerable differences have been recorded between the footwear. Particularly low forces are present in a...