Calcitonin is a 32-amino-acid peptide hormone that is produced by parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland in response to increased levels of extracellular calcium. In this article we review our previous and current research on the transcriptional regulation of the pig and human calcitonin receptor (CTR) gene. Initially, our experiments on the transcriptional analysis of the pig CTR gene in tr...

Studies on human osteoclast formation have been hampered by lack of a defined isolated progenitor cell population. We describe here the establishment of a human leukemic cell line (designated FLG 29.1) from bone marrow of a patient with acute monoblastic leukemia. The cultured cells are predominantly undifferentiated leukemic blasts, but addition of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA; 0....

Cells were cultured from explants of human trabecular bone excised from eight patients and incubated usually for 20 minutes with bovine parathyroid hormone, salmon calcitonin, prostaglandin E2, or heparin. The intracellular content of cyclic AMP was measured by radioimmunoassay and was significantly increased by parathyroid hormone in four, by calcitonin in two, by prostaglandin E2 in eight, an...

INTRODUCTION Treatment for osteoporosis commonly includes the use of bisphosphonates. Serious side effects of these drugs are caused by the inhibition of bone resorption as a result of osteoclast apoptosis. Treatment using calcitonin along with bisphosphonates overcomes these side-effects in some patients. Calcitonin is known to inhibit bone resorption without reducing the number of osteoclasts...

OBJECTIVE To review the literature concerning the efficacy of calcium, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and calcitonin in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. DATA SOURCES Articles were identified through searches of the MEDLINE (1966-July 2002), EMBASE (1980-July 2002), and International Pharmaceutical Abstrac...

It has been considered that calcitonin is mainly concerned with the regulation of bone metabolism in mammals (Hirsch and Munson, 1969). However, the recent discovery of the stimulatory effect of gastrin or pancreozymin on the secretion of calcitonin in the pig (Cooper et al. 1971, Care et al. 1971) and the inhibitory effect of calcitonin on the gastric secretion in man (Hesch et al. 1971) has r...

PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of routine calcitonin measurement in patients with nodular thyroid disease. METHODS Consecutive patients with nodular thyroid disease (n = 640) were studied. Serum calcitonin levels were measured under basal conditions, and when basal values were between 10-100 pg/mL, testing was repeated after pentagastrin (PG) stimulation. Patients with previously...

1. We studied the acute effects of intranasal and subcutaneous calcitonin in 40 patients with active Paget's disease of bone. Patients received a single dose of either 400 units of calcitonin delivered as a nasal spray, or 1, 10 or 100 units of subcutaneous calcitonin, or placebo. 2. Subcutaneous salmon calcitonin, administered at doses of 1, 10 and 100 units to nine patients with Paget's disea...

Using immunohistochemical methods, calcitonin gene-related peptide localizes to peripheral nerve fibers of the human and rhesus monkey eye. Immunoreactive nerve fibers are found in the cornea, about limbal blood vessels and in the trabecular meshwork. Many immunoreactive iris nerve fibers are present, mostly within the stroma. A particularly dense network occurs just anterior to the iris sphinc...

The study aimed at evaluating the effects of calcitriol and of its analogues on the proliferation of TT and rMTC cells (human and rat line tumour cells originating from thyroid medullary carcinoma) and at examining the effects of the substances on the secretion of the principal hormones of the cells, calcitonin (CT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Cells of thyroid medullary carcinom...