a total of 1,497 serum and blood specimens from residents of 18 different iranian communities were examined by plaque reduction neutralization test for antibodies against four (neaples, sicilian, karimabad and salehabad) phlebotomus fever virus serotypes. neutralizing antibodies against the naples and sicilian serotypes were found in every community sampled, indicating that these viruses are wi...

Background and Aims: Rubella virus is a human pathogen that causes congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) when infection occurs during early pregnancy. Vaccination programs have been remarkably successful in controlling natural rubella infection and CRS. Moreover, ongoing surveillance for all cases of rubella and CRS is a vital component of a prevention program. Although the WHO recommends the use o...

Background: Genital warts are one of the most common viral sexually transmitted diseases in the world. They are caused by different human papilloma viruses and lesions may have benign to malignant transformation. The main purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of condyloma acuminata in the spouses of patients with genital warts. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 153...

Background and aim: Warts are the most common clinical presentation of human papilloma virus infection of human skin and mucosa. They are more common on hand, foot, face and genital area. They are benign skin colour lesions with different clinical forms. There is no specific treatment for them. In this trial the therapeutic effect of intralesional injection of bleomycin and cryotherapy on...

Background and Aims: Evaluation of the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) in blood donors is a valuable index of donor selection and blood safety. This study was conducted to explore the prevalence and trends of TTIs markers and study of confidential unit exclusion )CUE) option among blood donors in Kurdistan province in the west of Iran. Materials and Methods: We conduc...

Background and Objective: Viral myocarditis (VMC) is one of the common heart diseases to endanger human health in different age groups, especially children. The aim of this study was to diagnose VMC in children with clinical suspicion of myocarditis (MCI) using multiplex real-time PCR in Birjand Vali-Asr Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 19 patients with clinical s...

Previous studies have shown antiviral effect of Echinacea and elderberry preparations against human influenza viruses in vitro. To investigate the in vivo antiviral effect of these herbs on avian H9N2 influenza virus, amantadine and two standardized commercial extracts of Echinacea purpurea (EF) and Sambucus nigra (SAM) were used in broiler chickens infected with H9N2 strain of the virus. EF, S...

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purpose : up to 70% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) have aids-related ocular involvements which may severely affect their quality of life caused by visual impairment. this study was designed to investigate the ocular manifestations in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). methods : in this case series study, 41 hiv positive patients were investiga...

background: cervical cancer is one of the most common types of women’s reproductive cancers. a major risk factor for cervical cancer is exposure to a group of common sexually transmitted viruses called human papillomavirus  (hpv). the over expression of hpv 16 i.e., e6 antigen in the tumors of suspected cervical cancer tissues. however e-6 antigen has hyaluronan binding protein site. methods: t...