Background Study: Vitreous humor is an inert, transparent, jelly like substance that fills the posterior four fifths of the cavity of the eyeball. It is the choice sample in post-mortem investigation and analysis. Objective of study: To determine vitreous biochemical parameters suitable for postmortem interval (PMI) extrapolation. Material and Methods: Vitreous humors were collected from the ey...

Although intravitreal injection of antibiotics is being used more widely in treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis, the pharmacokinetic principles that underlie such therapy have been derived exclusively from experiments in the rabbit. Therefore, we studied several representative antibiotics in normal eyes of rhesus monkeys. Carbenicillin (1,000 micrograms), cefazolin (1,000 micrograms), or gen...

Bile is at the center of the traditional medicines of many cultures. For the ancient Greeks and Romans, each of the four macrocosmic elements that comprised the natural world, fire, earth, air, and water, had a specific microcosmic reflection in the four humors from which the body was constructed, yellow bile, black bile, blood, and phlegm. The view that imbalances in these components cause dis...

medical books written in islamic societies have devoted special chapters to preventive medicine named hefzossehha’. nowadays, ferdous alhekmah is considered as the first medical text authored by muslim scientists in islamic countries. but in this review study we offer a more ancient text that belongs to ali ibn musa (imam reza pbuh), the 8th imam of shi’ites. this text was written about 815-818...

humor is the beautiful melody of art proceeding toward the cultural sublimation of a society. delving into its related components is among the great duties of the compassionate researchers of society, because using this unique art leads to deepening of understanding the subject in the addressee’s mind and on the other hand, it would state the society’s inefficiencies with a sarcastic and bitter...

Resurgence and exploration in traditional medicine (TM) is revived 21st century with present resistant medical system many diseases. Unani of (USM) one such vital element TM established age-long therapeutic values. Cucumis sativus Linn. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) commonly called as cucumber, Kheera or Khayarain Unani. It widely cultivated a vegetable crop India due to its nutritional well value. I...

Aim: Natural products which are gradually gaining importance because of its medicinal value in clinical research due to their well-known property fewer or no side effects as compared synthetic drugs. World Health Organization also advised the general public focus on enhancing immune system prevent from getting affected by pandemic diseases.
 Methodology: In traditional Siddha Medicine, the...

Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Persian famous and influential scholar of Islamic Golden Age lived between 981‐1037 A.D. He was a genius especially in medicine and philosophy. He wrote more than a hundred books and treatises dealing with philosophy, medicine, astronomy, geometry, philology, and art (1). His works are written mostly in Arabic, the lingua franca of the Islamic civilization. Although his med...

Dear Editor, Estrogen deficiency in women is an important risk factor for serious disorders such as severe cardiovascular diseases (1). Several different conditions can lead to estrogen deficiency with premature ovarian failure (POF) being an important one (2, 3). POF includes the cessation of normal ovarian function before age 40, causing menopausal symptoms and general health problems. Althou...