We report here and experimentally demonstrate an actively controlled gate-tunable plasmonic metasurface operating in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, where – strikingly – the operating voltages for reflectance modulation are much less than 1V. The electrically tunable metasurface consists of inverse dolmen structures (iDolmen) patterned on silver and chromium on a quartz subs...

This article presents a time-domain modeling and shape optimization framework for microwave structures, including metasurfaces, based on nodal discontinuous Galerkin (DGTD) method. In particular, we employ an unstructured mesh the inherent refinement ability of DGTD to model multiscale geometries via adaptive refinement. More importantly, integrate multitier local time-stepping technique into t...

A high Q-value reflective type metasurface consisting of 1D Au nanorods, a SiO2 spacer and a Au back reflector is demonstrated. It is shown that the sideband of the resonant mode can be suppressed as the resonant wavelength close to the phonon absorption of SiO2. By combining both designed structured resonance and inherent property of the based materials, a low angle-dependent metasurface with ...

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metal/dielectric structures that resonantly couple to the electric and/or magnetic components of the incident electromagnetic fields, exhibiting properties that are not found in nature. This class of micro- and nano-structured artificial media have attracted great interest during the past 15 years and yielded ground-breaking electromagnetic a...

The Huygens probe is the ESA’s main contribution to the Cassini/Huygens mission, carried out jointly by NASA, ESA and ASI. It was designed to descend into the atmosphere of Titan on January 14, 2005, providing surface images and scientific data to study the ground and the atmosphere of Saturn’s largest moon. In the framework of the reconstruction of the probe’s motions during the descent based ...

Metamaterial Huygens' surfaces manipulate electromagnetic wavefronts without reflection. A broadband Huygens' surface that efficiently refracts normally incident light at the telecommunication wavelength of 1.5 μm is reported. The electric and magnetic responses of the surface are independently controlled by cascading three patterned, metallic sheets with a subwavelength overall thickness of 43...

Abstract. Due to spectral obstructions, a scattering theory in the LaxPhillips sense for the wave equation for differential p-forms on H cannot be developed. As a consequence, Huygens’ principle for the wave equation in this context does not hold. If we restrict the class of forms and we consider the case of coclosed p-forms on H, when n = 2p, Huygens’ principle does hold and thus in this case ...

Huygens’ principle can be used to determine various experimentally verifiable and predictable behavior of the path of light through any optical system. However, as seen in the chapter on Light, the Huygens wavefront construction can be become complicated, especially in systems with a large number of optical components. A simpler approach to track the behavior of light is based on the propagatio...

Novel display technologies aim at providing users with increasingly immersive experiences. It is a long-sought dream to generate three-dimensional (3D) scenes high resolution and continuous depth, which can be overlaid the real world. Current attempts, however, fail in either truly 3D information, or large viewing area angle, strongly limiting user immersion. Here, proof-of-concept solution for...

Example 1. An exponential curve. My topic is best introduced by an example. I take it from the correspondence between Leibniz and Huygens in 1690-1691. Leibniz wrote about his new differential and integral calculus. Huygens was very skeptical and proposed problems for Leibniz to solve. In the course of this exchange Leibniz came to use an exponential equation to represent a curve. This was enti...