proteases play a key role in protein digestion in ticks and other haematophagous insects. our understanding of blood meal digestion in digestive system of ticks can be very useful for better understanding of basic rules for control of ticks. cells of the midgut endocytose blood components. blood proteins uptake by midgut cells, suggesting the presence of proteases in the midgut cells. in this s...

BACKGROUND Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae. Although Spotted Fever is prevalent in the Middle East, no reports for the presence of tick-borne pathogens are available or any studies on the epidemiology of this disease in the West Bank. We aimed to identify the circulating hard tick vectors and genetical...

A survey was carried out to investigate the frequency of hard tick species (Acari: Ixodidae) on sheep in Khorasan Razvi province. A total of 812 ticks were collected from the sheep of different areas of Khorsan Razavi province five species were identified as follow: Rhipicephalus turanicus (59.23%), Hyalomma.marginatum turanicum (25.73%), Hyalomma excavatum (14.8%), Hyalomma anatolicum (8.3...

timonae infection is diagnosed have >1 eschar, which raises the suspicion that some cases of Mediterranean spotted fever with multiple eschars reported in Spain could be caused by this rickettsial species. More studies about the vectors of this bacteria are needed because studies of Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus ticks (the suspected hosts) conducted in our area have not demonstrated the presence o...

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by an arbovirus, a member of the Nairovirus genera of Bunyaviridae family, one of the viral hemorrhagic fever causes and can be transmitted to humans by Hyalomma tickbite, by exposure to infected blood and fomites of patient with CCHF or contact with animal tissue in viremic phase, which was first recognized during a large ou...

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the arbovirus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), which is a member of the Nairovirus genus (family Bunyaviridae). CCHF was first recognized during a large outbreak among agricultural workers in the mid-1940s in the Crimean peninsula. The disease now occurs sporadically throughout much of Africa, Asia, and Europ...

Hyalomma scupense (syn. Hyalomma detritum) is a two-host domestic endophilic tick of cattle and secondarily other ungulates in the Maghreb region (Africa). This species transmits several pathogens, among which two are major livestock diseases: Theileria annulata and Theileria equi. Various other pathogens are also transmitted by this tick species, such as Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia...

background: theileriosis is a blood protozoan disease with high mortality in cattle in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. several studies were conducted to identify theileria species in infected cattles and vector ticks by microscopic examination. however, microscopic technique has lower sensitivity compared to molecular method.                  objectives: this study was carried ou...