The cationic nickel(II) complexes [(η-C3H5)Ni(SbPh3)2][B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4] (2) and [(η3C3H5)Ni(SbPh3)2][Al(OC(CF3)3)4] (3) were prepared and their polymerization activities in aqueous systems were compared with [(η-C3H5)Ni(η-BHT)][B(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4] (1) (BHT ) 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene). Cispolybutadiene is formed in nonaqueous solution polymerization. The presence of water decreases ...

Synthesis of (multi)block copolymers using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization generally suffers from the limitation that order blocks must be considered. Herein, syntheses block by RAFT trithiocarbonate species are conducted as solution, miniemulsion, and emulsion polymerizations to demonstrate issue monomer for styrene butyl methacrylate can largely overcome...

In this work, polymerizations of styrene (St) in the presence divinylbenzene (DVB) as a crosslinking agent and sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (VBS) have been performed Pickering emulsions, using silica nanoparticles (SNps) stabilizing agents ammonium persulfate hydrophilic initiator. oil-in-water emulsions with alkaline continuous phase (pH = 9) at 1, 2, 3 wt% DVB (relative to St), polydisperse...

Emulsion polymerization fouling at hot interfaces is studied in situ, making use of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The resonator heated ring-shaped thermal pad from the back, turning it into plate elevated temperature. Configured to be one walls small reactor for emulsion polymerization, this prone heat-transfer fouling, similar regular parts process equipmen...