Cardanol(Cashew phenol) is subjected to diazotisation with Aniline and m-Toluidine to get monomers like Cardanol based dye from Aniline (CBDFA) and Cardanol based dye from m-Toludine (CBDFT). Such monomers have been condensed with formaldehyde in presence of acid catalyst to form resins. The resins have been characterized by FTIR spectra and their thermal behaviour have been studied.

Large scale synthesis of uniform self-assembly Fe(3)O(4)@phenol formaldehyde resin (PFR) core-shell nanowires with 80-100 nm in diameter and 20-30 microm in length can be realized by a one-pot hydrothermal process. The optical and magnetic properties of the as-synthesized Fe(3)O(4) nanostructures have been investigated.

The capability of cells of the fungus Aspergillus awamori, either free or immobilized in hybrid sol-gel material cells, for phenol biodegradation was demonstrated. Phenol was present in the reaction mixture as the sole carbon and energy source, and its decomposition was followed in repeated batch degradation experiments. Atomic force microscopy provided information on the development of self-or...

“Green” resole phenolic resins for laminating applications were synthesized, and their properties and thermal stability were determined. The plant-based cardanol and condensed tannin were used as the partial substitutes of up to 40% of the phenol in the synthesis of the phenolic resins. The resins were synthesized with different proportions of phenol (P) to cardanol (C) and with different total...

During the last decades lignin has been investigated as a promising natural alternative to petrochemicals in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin production, due to their structural similarity. Physico-chemical characterization of three types of lignin, namely kraft pine lignin (L1), soda-anthraquinone flax lignin (L2), and ethanol-water wild tamarind lignin (L3) has been evaluated to determine which...

Wood liquefaction was conducted using phenol as a reagent solvent with a weak acid catalyst in two different reactors: (Alma et al., 1995a.) an atmospheric glass reactor and (Alma et al., 1995b.) a sealed Parr reactor. Residues were characterized by wet chemical analyses, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The FT-IR spectra of the liquefied wood residu...

The reactions of di-hydroxymethylurea with phenol under alkaline (pH = 10), weak (pH = 6) and strong acidic (pH = 2) conditions were investigated via the 13C-NMR method. Based on the proposed reaction mechanisms, the variations of the structures of different condensed products were analyzed and the competitive relationship between selfand co-condensation reactions was elucidated. The required e...

Abstract Olive oil mill wastewater (OMW), a by-product of the olive industry, each year is generated millions tons all over Mediterranean countries. Uncontrolled disposal OMW leads to massive environmental problems including soil and water pollution. In this experimental study, was used partly replace clean for getting prepared formaldehyde solution. Then, phenol solutions were synthesized unde...

The release of phenolic compounds in the effluents of petrochemical, textile and coal industry has resulted in contamination of receiving environment. It is very necessary to remove these compounds before discharge of effluents as phenol is toxic to nature. Among the treatment methods biodegradation is considered as cost effective method. The paper reviews various methods used for biodegradatio...

Abstract Fabric composites are widely employed in self-lubricating bearing liners as solid lubrication materials. Although the tribological behaviors of fabric have been extensively studied, cryogenic properties and mechanisms scarcely reported largely unclear to instruct material design for aerospace other high-tech applications. Herein, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based hybrid-fabric were ...