and

Axial hydraulic thrust is an important factor that affects safety and stability of pump turbine operation. Research analysis axial a great significance for guiding the safe stable operation pumped storage power station. Since runner shape flat its radial dimension large, increase leakage can happen easily. In order to reduce improve efficiency unit, labyrinth ring seal usually used in upper cro...

.................................................................................................................................. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. 2 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................