Selective C-formyl-ation of 8,9,10,11-tetra-hydro-pyrido[2',3':4,5]pyrimido[1,2-a]-azepin-5(7H)-one has been studied for the first time. It was revealed that formyl-ation proceeds by the formation of an inter-mediate salt, which due to the re-amination process on treatment with aqueous ammonia transformed into the corresponding (E)-11-(amino-methyl-ene)-8,9,10,11-tetra-hydro-pyrido[2',3':4,5]-p...

In addition to photovoltaic and wind systems, nowadays in-pipe water to wire power systems are becoming particularly interesting for the integration of renewable resources at urban and building scale because of the potential to harness clean energy from excess head pressure in urban and domestic water pipelines. Able to operate across a wide range of head and flow conditions, these particular m...

Satellite precipitation products are a means of estimating rainfall, particularly in areas that are sparsely equipped with rain gauges. The Guiana Shield is a region vulnerable to high water episodes. Flood risk is enhanced by the concentration of population living along the main rivers. A good understanding of the regional hydro-climatic regime, as well as an accurate estimation of precipitati...

Understanding the teleconnections between hydro-meteorological data and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation cycle (ENSO) is an important step towards developing flood early warning systems. In this study, the concept of mutual information (MI) was applied using marginal and joint information entropy to quantify the linear and non-linear relationship between annual streamflow, extreme precipitation...

The primary aim of this paper is to provide background information, motivation for applications and an exposition to the methodologies employed in the development of fuzzy logic based decision making in hydro or water power engineering by optimum selection of hydro turbine blade material. All the works on the application of multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) or fuzzy logic to material scie...

We consider the optimal management of a hydro-thermal power system in the mid and long terms. From the optimization point of view, this amounts to a large-scale multistage stochastic linear program, often solved by combining sampling with decomposition algorithms, like stochastic dual dynamic programming. Such methodologies, however, may entail prohibitive computational time, especially when ap...

We have shown that recent experimental data on radial flow, both from AGS and SPS energies, are in agreement with the Equation of State (EOS) including the QCD phase transition. New hydro-kinetic model (HKM) is developed, which incorporates hydrodynamical treatment of expansion and proper kinetics of the freeze-out. We show that the freeze-out surfaces for different secondaries and different co...

For many years energy optimization has dealt with large scale mixed integer linear programs. The paper concentrates on programs that are used for controlling an existing generation system consisting of thermal power units and pumped hydro storage plants, therefore they should be solved in real time. The problem can be decomposed into smaller problems using Lagrangian Relaxation. One of these pr...

This study analyses the increasing number of catastrophic floods in the Niger River Basin, focusing on the relation between long term hydro-climatic variability and flood risk over the last 40 to 100 years. Time series for three subregions (Guinean, Sahelian, Benue) show a general consistency between the annual maximum discharge (AMAX) and climatic decadal patterns in West Africa regarding both...

The title seco-dammarane triterpenoid, C(27)H(42)O(4) (systematic name: 3-{(3S,3aR,5aR,6S,7S,9aR,9bR)-6,9a,9b-trimethyl-3-[(R)-2-methyl-5-oxotetra-hydro-furan-2-yl]-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)dodeca-hydro-1H-cyclo-penta-[a]naphthalen-6-yl}propanoic acid), has been isolated for the first time from the seeds of Aglaia forbesii. The mol-ecule has three fused rings and all rings are in trans-fused. The two ...