This paper presents a possible configuration for the production of hydrogen and anti-hydrogen from pbeam co-moving with ebeams merged in a long vacuum chamber. In such a configuration with a beam kinetic energy for the paround 100 KeV, the two key parameters are the density of the ebeam and the temperature of the merged beams. The production rate is computed for several parameter sets and it is...

Hydrogen is a highly promising energy source with important social and economic implications. The ability of green algae to produce photosynthetic hydrogen under anaerobic conditions has been known for years. However, until today the yield of production has been very low, limiting an industrial scale use. In the present paper, 73 years after the first report on H(2)-production from green algae,...

We present a mathematical model that quantifies the rate of water radiolysis near radionuclide-containing solids. Our model incorporates the radioactivity of the solid along with the energies and attenuation properties for alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ) radiation to calculate volume normalized dose rate profiles. In the model, these dose rate profiles are then used to calculate radiolytic h...

This work proves for the first time the bioelectrochemical production of butyrate from CO2 as a sole carbon source. The highest concentration of butyrate achieved was 20.2 mMC, with a maximum butyrate production rate of 1.82 mMC d(-1). The electrochemical characterisation demonstrated that the CO2 reduction to butyrate was hydrogen driven. Production of ethanol and butanol was also observed ope...

Experimental designs were applied for optimizing media and process parameters for hydrogen production from maize stalk hydrolyzate by a newly isolated facultative strain.Plackett-Burman design was used to identify the significant components and using this method the media components - glucose, yeast extract, malt extract, peptone, and NaCl were identified as signi...

A modified sol-gel process has been found to significantly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticle in the process of solar hydrogen production. The surface of TiO2 nanoparticles were modified by the optimization of solvent of titanium precursor (acetic acid and/or ethanol) in the sol-gel method. A multi technique approach (SEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS and TGA) was used to characteriz...

This report deals with a comparative study of typical methods for determining the fermentative abilities of microorganisms. The aim of the first studies was to select the best method for use with members of the Enterobacteriaceae and other easily cultivable species, using as criteria, rapidity, dependability, and simplicity. Later studies have involved adapting the method to some less easily cu...

Sulfate-reducing bacteria, like Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, use the reduction of sulfate as a sink for electrons liberated in oxidation reactions of organic substrates. The rate of the latter exceeds that of sulfate reduction at the onset of growth, causing a temporary accumulation of hydrogen and other fermentation products (the hydrogen or fermentation burst). In addition to hydroge...

Fermentative hydrogen production from waste activated sludge (WAS) has low H2 yield because WAS contains limited amounts of carbohydrate suitable for use by hydrogen-producing bacteria. Here, augmentation of hydrogen production from WAS by microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) was implemented. H2 yields of 3.89±0.39 mg-H2/g-DS (5.67±0.61 mg-H2/g-VSS) from raw WAS and 6.78±0.94 mg-H2/g-DS (15.08±1...

Hydrogen recovery through solar-driven biomass conversion by photo-fermentative bacteria (PFB) has been regarded as a promising way for sustainable energy production. However, a considerable fraction of organic substrate was consumed for the growth of PFB as biocatalysts, furthermore, these PFB were continuously washed out from the photobioreactor in continuous operation because of their poor f...