Catalytic heterogeneous hydrogenation processes arguably belong to the most valuable synthetic transformations known. Current batch reactor technology is not only time consuming and difficult to set up but also catalyst addition and filtration is hazardous. Because of the aromatic character of many substrates, hydrogenation often requires the use of significant hydrogen pressures in combination...

Iron-based catalysts are the most suitable candidates for converting CO2 or CO2-rich syngas to hydrocarbons. However, several issues about mechanism of hydrogenation still unclear. In this work, we investigated performance an iron-based catalyst with H2/CO2, H2/CO/N2 and H2/CO/13CO2/N2 gas mixtures at same process conditions (T = 270°C, P 175 psi SV 3 NL/h/gcat). The rate was much lower than th...

in this study fullerene functionalized using oleum (h2so4·so3), followed by the hydrolysis of the intermediate cyclosulfated fullerene as well as  an oxidizing agent was employed to functionalize the fullerenes. ruthenium was then added by the impregnation method or deposited on the functionalized fullerene. subsequent to this step, response surface methodology (rsm) was used to study the cumul...

The renewable phenolic compounds produced by directional liquefaction of biomass are a mixture of complete fragments decomposed from native lignin. These compounds are unstable and difficult to use directly as biofuel. Here, we report an efficient in situ catalytic hydrogenation method that can convert phenolic compounds into saturated cyclohexanes. The process has high potential for production...

Although significant progress has been made in the catalytic asymmetric reduction of ketones and olefins over the last few decades, the asymmetric reduction of imines remains a major challenge. Enantioselective reductive amination with organocatalysts has recently been reported, and a number of transition-metal-based catalysts, such as those containing Rh, Ru, Ti, Zr, and Ir, have been applied ...

A series of five alumina-supported palladium catalysts have previously been prepared and characterised by a combination of CO chemisorption and infrared spectroscopy. The reactive attributes of these catalysts are examined using the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde as a test reaction, using a modified infrared gas cell as a batch reactor. Periodic scanning of the infrared spectrum of the gaseous...

Economic and environmentally friendly bio-mimetic one-pot three and four-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation (K-H), five-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation-alkylation (K-H-A) and six-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation-alkylation-Huisgen cycloaddition (K-H-A-HC) reactions of aldehydes, CH-acids, o-phenylenediamine, alkyl halides and azides using proline, proline-metal carbonate and proline-met...

Hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) was studied by using mono- and bidentate p-cymene ruthenium(ii) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes as catalyst precursors. In water, all complexes were found to be reduced in situ to form ruthenium nanoparticles (RuNPs) with a high hydrogenation activity. In organic solvents, complexes with monodentate NHC ligands also formed nan...

Black TiO2 was usually obtained via hydrogenation at high pressure and high temperature. Herein, we reported a facile hydrogenation of TiO2 in the presence of a small amount of Pt at relatively low temperature and atmospheric pressure. The hydrogen spillover from Pt to TiO2 accounts well for the greatly enhanced hydrogenation capability. The as-synthesized Pt/TiO2 exhibits remarkably improved p...

A safe and efficient method for storing hydrogen is solid state storage through a chemical reaction in metal hydrides. A good amount of research has been conducted on hydrogenation properties of metal hydrides and possible methods to improve them. Background research shows that heat transfer is one of the reaction rate controlling parameters in a metal hydride hydrogen storage system. Consideri...